Studies of nitrogen partition in the blood and spinal fluid, with especial reference to the possible causation of albuminuric retinitis / Alan C. Woods, M.D. Boston.

  • Woods, Alan C. (Alan Churchill), 1889-1963
Date:
1915
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Licence: In copyright

Credit: Studies of nitrogen partition in the blood and spinal fluid, with especial reference to the possible causation of albuminuric retinitis / Alan C. Woods, M.D. Boston. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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    nitrogen partition as had Folin. In addition, four estimations of the amino-acid nitrogen gave values between 4 and 6 mg. per hundred c.c. of blood. / Nitrogen studies in the spinal fluid have been confined largely to estimations of the urea content. The literature was reviewed in 1909 by Mollard and Froment,20 and brought up to date in 1914 by Soper and Granat.21 Figures given by various investigators for the normal urea content vary from 0 to 40 mg. per hundred c.c. of spinal fluid, but prac¬ tically all authors agree that it is greatly increased in uremia. Mestrezat22 in 1912 gives the normal urea content as 6 mg. and the total nonprotein nitrogen as 16.7 mg. per hundred c.c. of spinal fluid. Galletta23 in 1908 gave the total nonprotein content as 20.6 mg., and Comba24 in 1899, as 15 mg. per hundred c.c. of spinal fluid. Both authors cite cases of uremia in which the nonprotein nitrogen retention is vastly increased. Widal25 and Javal26 in 1911 showed that the con¬ centration of urea in the various body fluids is substantially the same. Soper and Granat21 in 1914 reported a series of urea estimations in the spinal fluid, using the hypodermic methods, and emphasized the prognostic significance of these. Moral and Froment27 in 1913 reported a case of amyloid kidney, in which they found a total nonprotein nitrogen retention of 222 mg., per hundred c.c. of spinal fluid, of which 220 mg. were represented as urea nitrogen. In my series of cases, about 175 c.c. of blood were received directly from the vein into a cylinder containing 3 c.c. of a 20 per cent, solution of potassium oxalate. The cylinder was rapidly shaken to prevent clotting. Lumbar puncture was done immediately thereafter, and about 10 c.c. of spinal fluid withdrawn. 20. Mollard and Froment: Uree dans le liquide cephalo-rachidien' et uremie nerveuse, Jour, de Physiol, et de Path. General, 1909, xi, 263. 21. Soper, Willard B., and Granat, Selma: The Urea Content of the Spinal- Fluid with Special Reference to* Its Diagnostic and Prognostic Significance,. The Archives Int. Med., 1914, xiii, 131. 22. Mestrezat: Le Liquide Cephalo-Rachidien, Paris, 1912. 23. Galletta: Quoted by Mestrezat, Note 22. 24. Comba: Quoted by Mestrezat, Note 22. 25. Widal: Le prognostic dans le mal le Bright par le dosage de l’uree du- sang. Les remissions temporaires et trompeuses de l’azotemie, Soc. med. d. hop. de Paris, 1911, xxxii, 627. 26. Javal: La grande azotemie. Ses formes, son evolution, son prognostic studies par le dosage methodique de l’uree dans le sang et dans les serosites de l’organisme, Soc. med. d. hop. de Paris, 1911, xxxii, 485. 27. Moral and Froment: A propos d’un cas de nephrite amyloide; retention* de l’uree dans le liquide cephalo-rachidien, Lyon med., 1913, cxx, 933.