Congenital malformations of the lower jaw / by Alexander Ogston.

  • Ogston, Alexander, 1844-1929.
Date:
1874
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Congenital malformations of the lower jaw / by Alexander Ogston. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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    5 them. The upper lip ended in a long point partly sup¬ ported by tho upper jaw. Beneath this was the aperture of the mouth, directed backwards. The ears were natural in position. And,* the skull and encephalon ot a new-born sow with cyclopia and absence of the inferior maxilla. The two eye¬ balls were fused into one. There were four eyelids, and a proboscis above the eye, but no trace of a mouth. The tongue and hypoglossal nerye were wanting, but the larynx and oesophagus were normal, Vrolik also,t quoting from Otto, Tab. Ill,, fig 2, gives a drawing of the head of a new-born male lamb, which ex-r hibited cyclopia, absence of the inferior maxilla, and no trace of a mouth. Here the trifacial nerve was small. Further,^ the head of a new-born lamb with acrania, cyclopia, and absence of the inferior maxilla, a small cutane¬ ous papilla taking the place of a mouth. And lastly, § the head and skull of a lamb where absence of the lower jaw was conjoined with deficiency of the face. II._excessive development of the lower jaw has been observed in a few instances, where it appears to have affected both halves equally. The cases are:— 1. Otto II briefly describes the skeleton of a human hemi- cephalic monster of the seventh month of pregnancy, which was further affected with spina bifida in the cervical region. The arch of the calvarium was wanting. The base of the skull was present. The roofs of the orbits were short and depressed. The facial bones were prominent. The palate was cleft at its back part between the palate bones, mandibula maxillam superiorem longitudine multo superat. All the cervical vertebrae, of which only four existed, and the upper five dorsal vertebrae, were cleft behind, and were ^ Vrolik, Op. Cit., Tab. Iviii., Figs. 7-10. t Vrolik, Op. Cit. Tab. Iviii., Fig. 11 I Vrolik, Op. Cit. Tab. Iviii., Figs. 12 and 13. § Vrolik, Op. Cit. Tab. Iviii., Figs. 14-16.