A process and apparatus for distilling / [Fulbert Calmant].

  • Calmant, Fulbert.
Date:
1902
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: A process and apparatus for distilling / [Fulbert Calmant]. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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    A.D.1902 N° 20,356 Date of Application, 18th Sept., 1902—Accepted, 13th Nov., 1902 COMPLETE SPECIFICATION. ,l A Process and Apparatus for Distilling I, Fttlbert Calmant, Chemist, of 113 Hue St. Charles, Paris, France, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be per¬ formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement; — 5 The present invention relates to a new process of distillation, applicable both to liquids and to solids, and characterised by the fact that the vapours or gases resulting from the action of the heat on the. body under distillation are sub¬ mitted to an energetic stirring or mixing which facilitates, on the one hand, the distillation properly so called, by rendering more rapid the separation of the ]() gases or vapours of different densities and different natures that arise from the body under distillation; and, on the other hand, this facilitates the purification of the gases or vapour, as the impurities separate out and are deposited more rapidly, inconsequence of aromatic or molecular disassociation. This procedure facilitates distillation, effects it more rapidly, and actively 15 aids in the purification of the vapours or gases, from which the impurities sep¬ arate out or deposit themselves more rapidly. To put this procedure into practice it is sufficient to arrange in the interior of the column of a still or of any distilling apparatus in general, one or more screw propellers or, in general terms, a ventilator or other apparatus turning 20 at a sufficient speed to stir the vapours or gases energetically. On the annexed sheet of drawings I have shown, by way of example, Fig. 1 a section, Fig. 2 a plan, of an apparatus in which the principle of my invention is applied in its most simple form of execution, whilst Fig. 3 shows a vertical section of a portion of the column of a still, or a tube, in which the various *25 types of paddle may be used instead of a screw propeller, and vice versa. The arrangement of Fig. 3 may be vertical or on an inclined plane, and so also the Figs. 1 and 2. In this case the position of the overflow outlets must be changed. There may be placed a perforated plate between each pair of ven¬ tilators in Fig. 3. 30 To resume, all these parts for stirring and for ventilation may be used one at a time or in unlimited number, either upon supporting plates as in Figs. 1 and 2, or in columns, or in the tubular parts where the vapour that comes from the body distilled circulates. Also all these organs of ventillation or agita¬ tion may be driven simply by the current of vapour oiJ gas coming from the 35 product under distillation, or by some mechanical movement as shown in Fig. 3. As may be seen from the drawings, especially Fig. 1, the most simple method of putting my invention into operation consists in placing on a plate 1, and under a bell 2, of which the base or lower side is pierced by a great number of holes, a loose screw of some description, 3, mounted on a pivot, so as to reduce the 40 friction to a minimum. The vapours or gases coming directly from the distilling apparatus or from another similar condensation plate, ascend through the mouths 4, which are generally two in number and inclined so that the current of escaping vapour will strike upon the wings of the propeller 3 in such a way as is most advantageous [Price 8iZ.]