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  • Origanum dictamnus L. Lamiaceae Dittany of Crete, Hop marjoram. Distribution: Crete. Culpeper (1650) writes: ‘... hastens travail [labour] in women, provokes the Terms [menstruation] . See the Leaves.’ Under 'Leaves' he writes: ‘Dictamny, or Dittany of Creet, ... brings away dead children, hastens womens travail, brings away the afterbirth, the very smell of it drives away venomous beasts, so deadly an enemy is it to poison, it’s an admirable remedy against wounds and Gunshot, wounds made with poisoned weapons, draws out splinters, broken bones etc. They say the goats and deers in Creet, being wounded with arrows, eat this herb, which makes the arrows fall out of themselves.' Dioscorides’ Materia Medica (c. 100 AD, trans. Beck, 2005), Pliny the Elder’s Natural History and Theophrastus’s Enquiry into Plants all have this information, as does Vergil’s Aeneid where he recounts how Venus produced it when her son, Aeneas, had received a deadly wound from an arrow, which fell out on its own when the wound was washed with it (Jashemski, 1999). Dioscorides attributes the same property to ‘Tragium’ or ‘Tragion’ which is probably Hypericum hircinum (a St. John’s Wort): ‘Tragium grows in Crete only ... the leaves and the seed and the tear, being laid on with wine doe draw out arrow heads and splinteres and all things fastened within ... They say also that ye wild goats having been shot, and then feeding upon this herb doe cast out ye arrows.’ . It has hairy leaves, in common with many 'vulnaries', and its alleged ability to heal probably has its origin in the ability of platelets to coagulate more easily on the hairs (in the same way that cotton wool is applied to a shaving cut to hasten clotting). Photographed in the Medicinal Garden of the Royal College of Physicians, London.
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  • [In hoc volumine continentur Valerii Cordi Simesusij Annotationes in Pedacij Diocoridis Anazarbei de medica materia libros V. Longe aliae quam ante hac sunt evulgatae : Ejusdem Val Cordi historiae stirpium libri IIII posthumi, nunc primum in lucem editi, adjectis etiam stirpium iconibus, & brevissimus annotatiunculis Sylva, qua rerum fossilium in Germanium plurimarum metallorum, Lapidum, & stirpium aliquot rariorum notitiam brevissime persequitur nunquam hactenus visa De artificiosis extractionibus liber. Compositiones medicinales aliquot, non vulgares his accedunt Storcc-Hornii et Nessi In Bernatium Helvetiorum ditione monitum, & nascentium in eis stirpium descriptio Benedict Aretii item Conradi Gesneri De hortus Germaniae, Liber recens ... / Omnia summo studio atque industria ... Conradi Gesneri ... collecta, et praefationibus illustrata].
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