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  • Lister's experimental medicine chest.
  • Pavlov's office in the Physiology department, Imperial Institute of Experimental Medicine, St Petersburg. Photograph, 1904.
  • Exterior of the Physiology Department building, Imperial Institute of Experimental Medicine, St Petersburg. Photograph 1904.
  • Animal house (vivarium) of the Physiology Department, Imperial Institute of Experimental Medicine, St Petersburg. Photograph, 1904.
  • Dogs with their keepers at the Physiology Department, Imperial Institute of Experimental Medicine, St Petersburg. Photograph, 1904.
  • Dogs with their keepers at the Physiology Department, Imperial Institute of Experimental Medicine, St Petersburg. Photograph, 1904.
  • Dogs with their keepers at the Physiology Department, Imperial Institute of Experimental Medicine, St Petersburg. Photograph, 1904.
  • The chemical room in the Physiology Department at the Imperial Institute of Experimental Medicine, St Petersburg. Photograph, 1904.
  • Physiological laboratories at the Imperial Institute of Experimental Medicine and at the Imperial Military Medical Academy, St Petersburg. Photographs, 1904.
  • Five dogs undergoing experiments on gastric secretion in the Physiology Department, Imperial Institute of Experimental Medicine, St Petersburg. Photograph, 1904.
  • The buildings of the Chemistry Department (left) and the Physiology Department (right), Imperial Institute of Experimental Medicine, St Petersburg. Photograph, 1904.
  • I.P. Pavlov and students in the vivisection room, Physiology Department at the Imperial Institute of Experimental Medicine, St Petersburg. Photograph, 1904.
  • I.P. Pavlov and seventeen of his associates standing outside the Physiology Department, Imperial Institute of Experimental Medicine, St Petersburg. Photograph, 1904.
  • Seven members of staff in the pre-operative room in the physiology department, Imperial Institute of Experimental Medicine, St Petersburg. Photograph, 1904.
  • The corridor with washbasins in the special clinic for animals in the Physiology Department, Imperial Institute of Experimental Medicine, St Petersburg. Photograph, 1904.
  • Ten members of staff studying and performing experiments on dogs in the Physiology Department, Imperial Institute of Experimental Medicine, St Petersburg. Photograph, 1904.
  • I.P. Pavlov with three colleagues operating on a dog in the Physiology Department, Imperial Institute of Experimental Medicine, St Petersburg. Photograph, 1902/1903.
  • The central corridor of the vivarium (animal house) with cages for the animals, in the Physiology Department, Imperial Institute of Experimental Medicine, St Petersburg. Photograph, 1904.
  • A washroom or operating room in the Physiological Laboratory either at the Institute of Experimental Medicine or at the Imperial Military Medical Academy, St Petersburg. Photograph, 1904.
  • A basement (possibly the pre-operative room in the Physiology Department), Imperial Institute of Experimental Medicine, St Petersburg, with dogs, cages, and two animal-keepers. Photograph, 1904.
  • A physiology laboratory, either at the Institute of Experimental Medicine or at the Imperial Military Medical Academy, St Petersburg, with workbenches, cabinets of apparatus, and two members of staff. Photograph, 1904.
  • Interior of a physiology laboratory either at the Institute of Experimental Medicine or at the Imperial Military Medical Academy, St Petersburg, with I.P. Pavlov seated on a workbench and other people behind. Photograph, 1904.
  • Capsicum annuum 'Masquerade' Distribution: Central and South America. This ‘domesticated species’ originated from Mexico (although the centre of Capsicum evolution was much earlier and from Bolivia) and includes the bland salad peppers and the hot chilli peppers, of which capsaicin (sometimes called capsicain), from the lining of the inside of the chilli, is the main active ingredient. Chilli comes from the Aztec language of the Nahuatl people. It was reputedly introduced to Europe by Columbus in the mid-15th century, but was cultivated in Mexico since 4,000 BCE and used in cooking since 7,200 BCE. After its introduction to Europe, its cultivation very rapidly became world-wide. It appears first as a description (Bock, 1539) with the name teutschem Pfeffer. The first illustration, as Siliquastrum, appears in Historia Stirpes commentarii insignis (Fuchs, 1542). Fuchs did not realise it came from the Americas, as he identified it as a plant described by Pliny, Dioscorides and Avicenna and gave their uses of it. It appear in Dodoen's Cruydeboeck (1551) and Lyte's translation (1557) with the note that it is 'hot and drie in the third degree.' He recommended it for dressing meat, and noted that it 'warmeth the stomach' and was good for a sore throat, scrofula, and topically got rid of spots. Fuch's had reported these properties as being described by Avicenna, but what that plant was is unknown. Lindley (1838) wrote: 'It is employed in medicine, in combination with Cinchona in intermittent and lethargic affections, and also in atonic gout, dyspepsia accompanied by flatulence, tympanitis, paralysis etc. Its most valuable application appears however to be in cynanche maligna [=severe sore throat, with impending suffocation] and scarlatina maligna [=severe scarlet fever], used either as a gargle or administered internally.' However, its principal use medically has been in pain relief, applied locally for pain from muscle injury to post herpetic neuralgia. Capsaicin acts on the pain and heat sensing neurones to make them trigger the sensation of pain at body temperature. Repeated exposure to capsaicin depletes the neurotransmitter substance P that is used to perceive pain, so the relevant nerves no longer transmit the sensation of pain/heat from any cause. It is a banned substance in the equestrian events at the Olympics because of its ability to stop perception of pain. Capsaicin has been shown, experimentally, to kill cancer cells by attacking their mitochondria. Particular interest has concentrated on its ability to reduce the size of tumours of the pancreas and prostate. Various cultivars are used in cooking, and the strength (i.e. how hot they are) is measured in Scoville units. A standard chilli pepper used in England would be around 5,000 Scovilles, the hottest peppers are rated over one million Scoville units. Photographed in the Medicinal Garden of the Royal College of Physicians, London.
  • AIDS clinical trial information service advertisement with the letters 'Call 1-800-Trials A' across the page. Colour lithograph.
  • Chaenomeles x superba 'Issai White'
  • After the defeat of the White Army, a new white peril threatens Russia in the form of the typhus louse, against which the Red soldiers fight by washing themselves and their clothes vigorously. Colour lithograph, ca. 1921.
  • The typhus louse shaking hands with Death. Colour lithograph by O. Grin, 1919.
  • The history of vaccination seen from an economic point of view: A pharmacy up for sale; an outmoded inoculist selling his premises; Jenner, to the left, pursues a skeleton with a lancet. Coloured etching, c. 1800.
  • The typhus louse shaking hands with Death. Colour lithograph by O. Grin, 1919.
  • The history of vaccination seen from an economic point of view: A pharmacy up for sale; an outmoded inoculist selling his premises; Jenner, to the left, pursues a skeleton with a lancet. Coloured etching, c. 1800.