AIDS hat ein Gesicht : du bist herausgefordert / Deutsche AIDS-Hilfe ; Foto: Ines de Nil.

A man with AIDS showing skin markings caused by the HIV virus on his arms and face; an appeal for donations by Deutsche AIDS-Hilfe e.V. Colour lithograph by Ines de Nil, 199-.

An AIDS patient who wears his diagnosis on his t-shirt. Colour lithograph by Ines de Nil and Lilo + White for the Deutsche AIDS-Hilfe e.V.

A naked man lies back against another naked man in a wheelchair who licks his mouth and tweaks his nipples; with the message in German: "self-confident and gay, self-confident and disabled"; advertisement for safe sex by the Deutsche AIDS-Hilfe e.V. Colour lithograph by Ines de Nil and Wolfgang Mudra.

Veratrum nigrum L. Melanthiaceae Distribution: Europe. Cows do not eat Veratrum species in the meadows, and human poisoning with it caused vomiting and fainting. In the 1850s it was found to reduce the heart's action and slow the pulse (Bentley, 1861, called it an 'arterial sedative'), and in 1859 it was used orally in a woman who was having convulsions due to eclampsia. Dr Paul DeLacy Baker in Alabama treated her with drops of a tincture of V. viride. She recovered. It was used thereafter, as the first choice of treatment, and, when blood pressure monitoring became possible, it was discovered that it worked by reducing the high blood pressure that occurs in eclampsia. By 1947 death rates were reduced from 30% to 5% by its use at the Boston Lying-in Hospital. It works by dilating the arteries in muscles and in the gastrointestinal circulation. A further use of Veratrum species came to light when it was noted that V. californicum - and other species - if eaten by sheep resulted in foetal malformations, in particular only having one eye. The chemical in the plant that was responsible, cyclopamine, was found to act on certain genetic pathways responsible for stem cell division in the regulation of the development of bilateral symmetry in the embryo/foetus. Synthetic analogues have been developed which act on what have come to be called the 'hedgehog signalling pathways' in stem cell division, and these 'Hedgehog inhibitors' are being introduced into medicine for the treatment of various cancers like chondrosarcoma, myelofibrosis, and advanced basal cell carcinoma. The drugs are saridegib, erismodegib and vismodegib. All the early herbals report on its ability to cause vomiting. As a herbal medicine it is Prescription Only, via a registered dentist or physician (UK Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (MHRA)). Photographed in the Medicinal Garden of the Royal College of Physicians, London.

Veratrum album L. Melanthiaceae Distribution: Europe. Cows do not eat Veratrum species in the meadows, and human poisoning with it caused vomiting and fainting. In the 1850s it was found to reduce the heart's action and slow the pulse (Bentley, 1861, called it an 'arterial sedative'), and in 1859 it was used orally in a woman who was having convulsions due to eclampsia. Dr Paul DeLacy Baker in Alabama treated her with drops of a tincture of V. viride. She recovered. It was used thereafter, as the first choice of treatment, and when blood pressure monitoring became possible, it was discovered that it worked by reducing the high blood pressure that occurs in eclampsia. By 1947 death rates were reduced from 30% to 5% by its use at the Boston Lying in Hospital. It works by dilating the arteries in muscles and in the gastrointestinal circulation. A further use of Veratrum species came to light when it was noted that V. californicum -and other species - if eaten by sheep resulted in foetal malformations, in particular only having one eye. The chemical in the plant that was responsible, cyclopamine, was found to act on certain genetic pathways responsible for stem cell division in the regulation of the development of bilateral symmetry in the embryo/foetus. Synthetic analogues have been developed which act on what have come to be called the 'hedgehog signalling pathways' in stem cell division, and these 'Hedgehog inhibitors' are being introduced into medicine for the treatment of various cancers like chondrosarcoma, myelofibrosis, and advanced basal cell carcinoma. The drugs are saridegib, erismodegib and vismodegib. All the early herbals report on its ability to cause vomiting. As a herbal medicine it is Prescription Only, via a registered dentist or physician (UK Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (MHRA)). Photographed in the Medicinal Garden of the Royal College of Physicians, London.

Advert for safe gay sex by the Deutsche AIDS-Hilfe

Island of Chios (Scio, Khio): a well in a garden. Etching by J. Dambrun after J.B. Hilair.

Aeolus, at the request of Juno, opens a door in a mountainside, releasing the winds that will wreck the fleet of Aeneas; representing the element air. Engraving by C. Dupuis, 1718, after Louis de Boullogne the younger.

Nile-dwelling reptile: two figures, the lower showing the reptile's skeleton. Coloured lithograph by Mme. Nobling after J.J. Rifaud, 1830.

Saint Nicholas of Flue. Engraving by Carel van Boechel.

Saint Nicholas of Flue. Etching after J.W. Baumgärtner.

Philippe Collot. Line engraving by G. Edelinck, 1700.

Les Prix Nobel.

A verger's dream: Saints Cosmas and Damian performing a miraculous cure by transplantation of a leg. Oil painting attributed to the Master of Los Balbases, ca. 1495.

Advertisements for pharmaceutical products, sent through the post to physicians in France, Italy, Spain and Belgium. Prints, 1940s-1960s.

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