Woodblock illustration of surgical instruments/instruments of external medicine from Waike tushuo (Pictorial Manual of External Medicine), published in 1856 (6th year of the Xianfeng reign period of the Qing dynasty). It shows the wan dao (curved knife), liuye dao (Willow-Leaf knife), yao gan (drug stick) and xiangya yaochao (ivory drug spatula). The curved knife and Willow-Leaf knife are so called because of their shape. The ivory drug spatula is an implement used to insert medication into open sores. The drug stick was probably used to apply ointment, etc. to sores and ulcers