Sex determination.

  • Bacci, Guido.
Date:
[1965]
Catalogue details

Licence: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)

Credit: Sex determination. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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    GLOSSARY Acyclic parthenogenesis. The capacity of reproducing exclusively by parthenogenesis in strains where amphigonic reproduction has disappeared. Agamogony. The development of a new individual from a single asexual cell (Hartmann, 1904). A G complex. The complex of male (A) and female (G) potencies which has been postulated for sexually reproducing organisms (Hartmann, 1930). See Sex realizators. Allelogenous. Females which produce only males or only females in different batches (Vandel, 1938). Ameiotic parthenogenesis. In which meiosis has entirely been suppressed (White, 1945). Also Apomictic parthenogenesis. Amictic. Female individuals producing only male or female offspring (Storch, 1924). Amphigony. Reproduction by fertilisation, as opposed to parthenogenesis. Amphimixis. The mingling of paternal and maternal germplasms or genotypes by fertilisa¬ tion (Weissmann, 1891) or by recombination. Amphitoky. Production of both males and females by parthenogenesis. Amphogenous. Producing both male and female offspring. Anisogamy. The capacity of one population to produce small and motile (generally male) and bigger, less motile (generally female) gametes. Apomictic parthenogenesis. See Ameiotic parthenogenesis. Arrhenogenous. Producing entirely or predominantly male offspring. Arrhenotoky. Production of males by parthenogenesis. Automictic parthenogenesis. See Meiotic parthenogenesis. Balanced hermaphrodite. A population which is composed exclusively by hermaphrodite individuals (Bacci, 1950). Bisexual. An organism producing ripe gametes of both sexes. Also a population or genera¬ tion which is composed of both male and female individuals as opposed to a unisexual parthenogenetic population or generation. Consecutive hermaphrodite. An organism whose male and female germinal cells ripen and are shed at different times and may show distinct male and female phases. Deuterotokous. Producing both male and female offspring. Dioecious. Having male and female flowers on different individuals. Also having separate sexes. Epigamie sex determination. See Metagamic sex determination. Eusexual. Organisms that show a regular alternance of caryogamy and meiosis. Genotypic sex determination. Sex is mainly determined by the genotype of the zygote or spore: a misleading notion when opposed to that of phenotypic sex determination. Also, sex is fixed as a result of syngamy or caryogamy. See Syngamie sex determination. Gonochoric. Having separate sexes. Gynandromorph or gynander. An individual of a unisexual species containing a mosaic of genetically male and genetically female cells (Goldschmidt, 1915). Heterogenic. Cycles alternating parthenogenetic with amphigonic reproduction. Heterothallous. Algae or fungi showing haploid incompatibility (Blakeslee, 1904) or, more loosely, separate sexes. Hermaphrodite. An organism producing ripe gametes of both sexes. Homogametic. Sex producing only male or female determining gametes in sex digametic organisms. 291