Essentials of surgery, together with a full description of the handkerchief and roller bandage : arranged in the form of questions and answers prepared especially for students of medicine / by Edward Martin.

Martin, Edward, 1859-1938.

Date:: [1900],1909

Credit: Essentials of surgery, together with a full description of the handkerchief and roller bandage : arranged in the form of questions and answers prepared especially for students of medicine / by Edward Martin. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by the Augustus C. Long Health Sciences Library at Columbia University and Columbia University Libraries/Information Services, through the Medical Heritage Library. The original may be consulted at the the Augustus C. Long Health Sciences Library at Columbia University and Columbia University.

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$Surface cold, pale, and wet. Mia^cular system relaxed, contractilitj' of sphincters lost. Patient lies in any position in which he may be placed. Decu- bitus usually dorsal. Nausea and vomiting frequently present. Conscioiutness and special senses blunted. What is your prognosis in shock ? Bad if the temperature' falls below 96°, or if reaction is delayed twenty-four hours. What becomes of a patient suffering from shock ? He either colhqiscs and dies from syncope or asthenia, or reax:ts. Describe reaction. Healthy reaction is characterized by an increase in the force, and a diminution in the rapidity of the heart's beat, a rise of temperature, a restoration of color to the blanched surface, and disappearance of all the characteristics of shock. In other cases reaction may take the form of an acide fever, with flushed fixce, injected conjunctivcC, high temperature, restlessness, jactitation, active or muttering delirium, and a full, throbbing pulse. The pulse, however, is soft and compressible; the tongue is dry and tremxdous; the symptoms are asthenic, and are liable to lapse again into profound and fatal shock. This condition is termed traic- matic delirium, and is a condition of under reaction from shock. How do you treat shock ? External xcarmth most important of all treatment. Hot bath, hot bricks or bottles applied along the spine, to the epigastrium, and about the patient's body and limbs. Position. Dorsal decubitus with head low. Medication. Atropia gr. jj^ and brandy 3js, every thirty minutes hypodermically; morphia gr. \ if there is great pain. Avoid medication by the stomach till reaction begins, as there is no absorption. Use stimulating enemata. Hot coftee, or hot, highly seasoned beef tea, may be given in small doses by the mouth. Hypodermoclysis or enteroclysis or venous transfusion of hot nor- mal salt solution. When reaction has fairly set in, stop stimulating. Describe the forms of traumatic delirium. In addition to the form described as an imperfect reaction$