A manuel of the chemistry of the carbon compounds : or, Organic chemistry / [Carl Schorlemmer].

  • Schorlemmer, Carl, 1834-1892
Date:
1874
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Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: A manuel of the chemistry of the carbon compounds : or, Organic chemistry / [Carl Schorlemmer]. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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    two atoms of chlorine for hydrogen in the members of the methane series:— CgHg + 2CI2 = CgHeClg + 2HC1 The chlorine or bromine in these compounds can, as is the case ments or radicals, and thus we obtain alcohols, amines, &c., of dyad radicals:— If two atoms of chlorine are replaced by one atom of oxygen, the oxides of these dyad radicals are obtained, and by the substitution of oxygen for hydrogen in the alcohols, acids are formed containing oxygenated dyad radicals ;— The hydrocarbons of the ethine series can either combine with two or with four atoms of chlorine, and play the part of dyad as well as of tetrad radicals. In other compounds we have to assume the existence of triad, pentad, hexad, &c., radicals. Thus glycerin 03115(011)3 is the alcohol of the radical propenyl C3II5, which contains three atoms of hydrogen less than propane, and is therefore a triad radical in which the carbon atoms are linked together exactly as they are in propane; whilst in the monad radical allyl, which has the same composition as propenyl, the carbon atoms are combined in the same manner as in propene C3Hg. Propenyl and allyl compounds are nearly related to the propyl and propene compounds, and from a member of one group, compounds belonging to another group may be easily obtained. Thus, by the action of chlorine upon propane the chlorides of propyl, proj)ene, and propenyl are formed :— When prop}d alcohol is heated with sulphuric acid, propene and water are produced;— By the action of iodine and phosphorus on glycerin, allyl iodide is formed with the chlorides of the monad radicals, be displaced by other ele- Ethene Alcohol. Etliene-diamine. Ethene Oxide. Ethenc Alcohol. Glycollic Acid. Oxalic Acid. C3IIS+ Ch^CgllyCl +HC1 C3llg + 2Ch = C3lI,Ch + 2HC1 O3II8 + 3CI2 = C3H5CIJ + 3HC1 C3lL.01I = C3Hg + H20