Study XXI : the immediate effect of repeated doses of theobromin sodium salicylate and theocin on renal function in acute experimental nephritis / R. Fitz, M.D. Boston.

  • Fitz, Reginald, 1885-1953.
Date:
1914
Catalogue details

Licence: In copyright

Credit: Study XXI : the immediate effect of repeated doses of theobromin sodium salicylate and theocin on renal function in acute experimental nephritis / R. Fitz, M.D. Boston. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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    Except for investigations regarding the total amount of urine and its constituents, no systematic studies have been reported as to the influence of diuretics on renal excretory functions under pathological conditions. This paper describes a series of experiments which were made to deter¬ mine the immediate effect of repeated doses of theobromin sodium sali¬ cylate and theocin on the amount of water, nitrogen, sodium ehlorid and phenolsulphonephthalein eliminated during different stages of acute experimental nephritis. Eabbits were injected subcutaneously with toxic amounts of potassium bichromate or uranium nitrate in sufficient quantity to produce definite changes in renal function without rendering the animals anuric. These drugs were chosen because chromium produces marked tubular destruc¬ tion in the kidney, leaving the glomeruli practically intact, while uranium nitrate produces lesions in both glomeruli and tubules. Thus renal function was tested under diverse pathological conditions. To obtain different degrees of severity of the same type of nephritis, animals were selected at varying times after injection and renal excretion was studied in the following manner: The animal to be observed was anes¬ thetized by a subcutaneous injection of urethane (ethyl carbamate) in dosage of from 1.25 to 1.50 gm. per kilogram of body-weight. At the same time 2 gm. of urea and 2 gm. of sodium ehlorid were administered in 50 c.c. of water by stomaclf-tube to insure a flow of salt and nitrogen containing fluid. It was realized that these three substances in them¬ selves were powerful diuretics, but it was believed that after their rate of excretion was once established, any marked subsequent variation during the time of these experiments was due to changes in renal function brought about by the drugs introduced. Cannulas were inserted into the bladder and jugular vein according to the usual technic and the elimination of phenolsulphonephthalein, water, salt and nitrogen was followed. The phenolsulphonephthalein test was slightly modified, but was made on the whole according to Eowntree and Geraghty’s24 method for obtaining constant output of the drug. At the beginning of the experi¬ ment, depending on the severity of the clinical condition of the animal, from 0.0015 to 0.006 gm. of the dye in 1 c.c. of saline solution was injected intravenously. After the color appeared, the urine during the next thirty minutes was measured in drops and diluted to 10 or 20 c.c. with distilled water, and the amount of phenolsulphonephthalein in an aliquot part estimated by Eowntree and Geraghty’s modification of the Autenrieth-Konigsberger colorimeter. Except when only traces were recovered, an amount of phenolsulphonephthalein equal to 10 per cent.