An anatomical dissection by Jean Riolan the younger (1580-1657). Engraving of 1649 by Renier van Persyn after a design of 1626 by Crispijn de Passe the second.

Jean Riolan, Professor of Anatomy and Botany at the Faculté de Médecine in Paris and French court physician, is best known as a Galenist who did not accept Harvey's theory of the circulation of the blood. He was skilled in dissection and in the preface to the 1626 edition of his Anthropographia et osteologia he states that he had dissected more than one hundred bodies over the last twenty-four winters. Flanking a display of surgical instruments, topped by a coat of arms, are Aesculapius and Hygieia