Outlines of human osteology / by F.O. Ward.

  • Frederick Oldfield Ward
Date:
1858
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Outlines of human osteology / by F.O. Ward. Source: Wellcome Collection.

    30/464 page 18
    in form and situation resembling rudimentary riljs, and remaining separate to tlie aue of five or six years. These sonietin.es extend outward an incli or more on eaoli side, becoming analogous to the cervical ribs of certain animals. OF THE SPINE IN GENERAL. 1i. Size and Diiiection. To the length of the ver- tebral column, which is a tliird of the entire height of the body, tlie lumbar region contributes seven parts, the dorsal eleven, the cervical five. The lumbar, and the nine lower dorsal vertebriE, foini a pyramid whose base rests on the sacrum. The six lower cervical form anotlier pyramid, w hose base rests on the first dorsal, and whose apex is surmounted by tiie atlas, on which .again is balanced the globe of the cranium. Between these two ])yiamids, and extending from the base of the uppei' to the apex of the lower, intervene the four superior dorsal vertubne, which constitute a third, but inverted pyrannd. Thus though the whole column presents a cone whose base is somewhat more than douljle the diameter of the apex, jol tiiis general pyramid is composed of three suliordinate pyrannds. The spinal colunni is concave antei'iorly in the dorsal region, wdierc it contriliutos to form the chest, convex anieriorly in the neck and loins. It has also a slight lateral curvature, the convexity of which is genoi.-dly dinictcd tow.-irds the right side. It iiresents for ex- amination four a liii.1t, ;iM/)«;/(//, and a r,r- Icbriil C((inil. '25. Surfaces. A iilu'ior.I'lvsents the .-in'-crior * This siirriict' t'f Ilio si)im' is cnvi-rcil liy llir iinli'rior t'onniH n lic'.'UiH'iil; il I'lirn'.-pniMls in llu- i'i'rvic ;il ri':.-iiiii ui tlio ru'li capi- tis iintii'i niiijnri's, iinil iouiii ri'lli; in tlu>ilnr>;il ri'iriun lo iIumiiki azy^oK onliiL' I'iirlil siilo nnd llu' iiurtii nii lIu' it'll; :nui in llio in'ii7liar ri'^itm to llu' ri*nr;i nt llu' (ii;ipln-:iL'ni, tlu' vrnn i-uva. tlio ;ilnlonunal';irlii, :in<l Hit' hniili.-n- i,-:in^'li;i nl'tiio svnipiillu-lic.
    digitised image 1
    digitised image 2
    digitised image 3