Egypt : handbook for travellers / edited by K. Baedeker.

Date:
1885-1892
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Egypt : handbook for travellers / edited by K. Baedeker. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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    1249. 1250-1380. 1260-1277. 1277-1290. 1289. 1291. 1346-1361. 1382-1517. 1382-1399. 1422-1438. 1468-1496. 1501-1516. 1517. check hy his body-guard of Bahrite Mamelukes, he endea- vours to extend his supremacy abroad. He attacks his uncle Ismatl, the ruler of Damascus. The latter allies himself with other Syrian princes and with the Christians of Pale- stine, hut is defeated hy Melik es-Saleh, whose army has been reinforced hy the Turkish mercenaries of the prince of Kharezmia. The Egyptians take Jerusalem, Damascus, Ti- berias, and Ascalon. Louis IX, the Saint, of France, roused hy the loss of Jeru- salem, and with a view to prevent the Egyptians from further encroaching on the Holy Land, undertakes a cam- paign against Egypt, takes Damietta (p. 443), hut while marching to Cairo is captured along with his army at Man- sura, and is only released on payment of a heavy ransom. Bahrite Mameluke Sultans. The first of these monarchs was Mu'izz Eibeg. Bebars, who had risen from being a slave to the position of leader of the Mamelukes, was one of the ablest of this dynasty. In the course of four campaigns he annihilates the last remnants of the kingdom of Jerusalem, and rules with sagacity, moderation, and justice. He brings to Cairo the last representative of the rAbbaside khalifs, who had recent- ly been dethroned by the Mongols, recognises his authority, and permits him nominally to occupy the throne. Kalafin (Kilawun, p. 275) successfully opposes the Mon- gols, and conquers Tripoli. El-Ashraf Khalil (pp. 255, 278, 282), captures fAkka, the last place in the Holy Land held by the Christians. Hasan, the builder of the finest mosque at Cairo (p. 260). Circassian Mameluke Sultans (Burgites). The founder of this dynasty was — Barkuk (pp. 242, 282), who overthrew the Bahrite Mame- lukes. The reigns of these sultans present a series of revo- lutions and atrocities (see p. 242). Bursbey (Berishai, p. 285) conquers Cyprus. Kait Bey (pp. 268, 286). El-Ghftri (p. 274). Tumdn Bey (pp. 243, 272) is dethroned by the Osman Sultan Selim I. of Constantinople (pp. 243, 333). Cairo is taken by storm. Egypt thenceforth becomes a Turkish Pashalic. Selim compels Mutawakkil, the last scion of the family of the fAbbaside khalifs, who had resided at Cairo in obscurity since the time of Bebars, to convey to him his Bahrite Mamelukes (who were so called from the fact that their barracks were situated in the island of Roda in the Nile or Bahr). Ere long, how- ever, the new guards succeeded in gaining possession of almost the whole of the supreme power.