Surgery.

Date:: [1913]

Credit: Surgery. Source: Wellcome Collection.

261/412 (page 231)

$/ 231 which may be gradually cut off or only retarded inter- mittently. If the flow of urine is completely or suddenly obstructed suppression of urine will follow. Hydronephrosis is due to a variety of causes and will be bilateral if the obstruction lies within or distal to the bladder. The causes are :— (Stricture or valve of pelvi-ureteric / \ j) 7 j iunction. (a) Renal < AT . • v ' j Nephroptosis. ( Sympathetico-renal tonus. I Impacted renal calculus. /1\ Tt x • ] Aberrant renal artery. lb) Ureteric < y i Pressure irom witliout). i Injuries leading to stricture. , x j/ • 7 f Calculi. • (c) Vesical < rp v ’ humours. Valve. (d) Urethral J, ®“cture' ' ' } Phimosis. Prostatic hypertrophy or tumour. Give the Pathological Changes. (а) The pelvis and calyces are distended, and their walls atrophied. (б) The secreting tissue likewise becomes atrophied. (c) The ureter is fixed to the posterior surface of the pelvis. (d) The inferior part of the pelvis often sags below the origin of the ureter. (c) Tn advanced cases, the hydronephrotic fluid resembles blood serum. The dilated pelvis forms a cystic swelling which has to be distinguished from an ovarian cyst, hydated cysts of the liver, a distended gall-bladder, or a renal tumour. What are the Clinical Features ? (а) Hull aching kidney pain. (б) Sterile urine.$

Surgery.

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