Sanitary engineering : a guide to the construction of works of sewerage and house drainage, with tables for facilitating the calculations of the engineer / by Baldwin Latham.

Date:
1873
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Sanitary engineering : a guide to the construction of works of sewerage and house drainage, with tables for facilitating the calculations of the engineer / by Baldwin Latham. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh. The original may be consulted at the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh.

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    sewer, as manufactured by Messrs. Henry Doulton and Co. The advantages claimed for this description of sewer are that they are strong, are readily put together, pack closely for transit, and form a perfect and imperishable sewer. CONCKETE SEWEKS. When gravel is cheap, concrete should be used. Rules for making concrete. Moulds for concrete sewer In districts in which gravel or other suitable material is cheap, good, and easily procurable, the use of concrete in the construction of sewers may be adopted with much advantage, as well as with considerable saving in cost. In constructing sewers of concrete the author has generally used a mixture of one part Portland cement, two parts sand, and three parts of stones, broken so as to pass through a 1^-inch sieve turned over on a proper mixing platform, and used fresh in the work. In the Metropolitan district it is customary to use 3 bushels of cement to 1 cube yard of sand and shingle. Where concrete alone is used for the construc- tion of sewers, the bottom part of the sewer is con- structed first, and concrete is rammed into position behind the mould of the exact section of the sewer; these moulds are generally covered with sheet zinc, and when in use are greased over so as to render the face of the work as smooth as possible. The upper portion of the work is turned upon centres covered with metal in a manner analogous to that of brick sewers. In some cases the sewers are pargeted with a coat of cement inside. Fig. 30 represents an oval sewer constructed entirely in concrete. Fig. 31 represents a similar sewer, which is given as an illustration by Mr. John Grant, C.E., as a specimen of Portland cement concrete work, in his paper read before the Institution of Civil Engineers, in