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Hippocrates upon Air, water, and situation; upon Epidemical diseases; and upon Prognosticks, in acute cases especially / To which is added The life of Hippopocrates from Solanus. And Thucydides's Account of the plague of Athens. The whole translated, methodis'd, and illustrated with useful and explanatory notes. By Francis Clifton.

  • Hippocrates.
Date:
1752
    fo particularly defer ib’d as that of the other » Ariftotle mentioning the appearance of the Jirfi | t0 be about the winter-folftice, agreeable to the Hippocratick memorandum *? but of the fecond to have been in the winter only, without mention¬ ing what time in the winter. Thucydides like- wife obferves, that in the fifth and firth years of the Peloponnefian war there were many trem¬ blings or /bakings of the earth, and the plague, ■ that had not been quite extinguifh’d, broke out again at that time, and continu d above a year after*, fo that ’tis very probable, if the malig¬ nant year already mention’d did not happen a- bout the time of the plague in the beginning of the war, it was about the time of this comet s ap¬ pearance, viz, in the fifth year of the fame war * fuch appearances, and fuch tremblings, generally producing very fickly feafons. . Fourthly, To prevent the book’s being too much clogged with notes, and yet to fatisfy at parf^ iut the fame time the reader's curiofity, efpecially frfiof the, with refpeft to the geographical part, I have ^°nonu' dgfignedly omitted feveral remarks there, to in- fert ?em here with more convenience. But, as the reader will find frequent mention of feafons, equinoxes, folftices, rifings and fettings of the fun and ftars (particularly arSturus, the dog-ftar, and the pleiades), it may not be amifs to premife, in the firft place, that, as the year was divided by the Ancients into four parts, every one of thefe was diftinguilh’d aftronomically.
    vfJn'tf w,TllUSr f°r !nft“ce’ the winter began at the the year* 0 ^ e pleiades^ and continu’d to the vernal ' aqiiinox. The fpring began at the vernal equinox, and ended at the rifing of th t pleiades. The fummer began at the rifing of the pleiades, and ended at the rifing of arClurus. The autumn began at the rifing of arfturus, and ended at the fetting of the pleiades. Secondly, The rifing and fetting of the fans is always to be here underftood of what aflronomers call the Heliacal rifing or fetting, i. e. when a far rifes or fets with the fun. Thirdly, The rifing and fetting of the fun in fummer or winter (an expreffion that often occurs to the book of air, &c.) imply thofe points of the compafs the fun rifes or fets at. See d i 10, (fie.- F' J' Fourthly, The equinox is that time of the year, when the fun enters one of the equinoctial points, viz. aries in the fpring, or libra in the autumn, making the days and nights equal. But of this* or the folfiice, or the ftars here mention’d, it is needlefs at prefent to enlarge. Of partial- As to the winds it is to be obferv’d that the Winds. Etefie (fee p. 16, and many other places) are northerly winds which fet in every year a little be¬ fore the dog-days, and continue all that hot fea- fon, to cool and temper the air. See Plin. lib. 2. e&p* 47. Secondly\
    Secondly, Cenchron is a wind peculiar to the Phafians (feey>. 24), but of what kind I cannot : learn* Thirdly, Zephyrus, or (as it is fometimes called) Favonius^ i. e. the weft-wind, began to blow up¬ on the fixth of the ides of February, i. e. the : eighth of that month, and not about the middle ) of the month, as I have put it by miflake in ; J>* 55. See Plin. lib, 2. cap, 47. /. 48. and lib* 1 16, cap, 25. 1. 30. Fourthly, Ornithice, Step. 239. Places Nations mentioned in the firft chapter* 1. Mceotls, This was alfo call’d P#- 5 Scythica, and by fome Cimmerice P abides y : and is a large lake between Circaffia and /itf/i \ Tartary, into which the Tthat divides Eu~ jj rope and Afia, empties itfelf, the lake difeharg- I ing itfelf afterwards into the Euxine or Black Sea i thro’ the Bofphorus Cimmerius, 2. Macro cephali, Thefe feem to have been a 3 nation in fome parts of Cappadociay not far from E Phafis, See Plin. lib, 6. cap, 3 & 4. 3. Phafis, This was a city in the ancient king- ii dom of Colchis upon the eaftermoft fide of the | Black Sea, between Georgia and Circaffiay not i far from the ancient Sauromatce, , 4. Sauromatce, An ancient and warlike na* ) tion, about the Palus Mceotis, and far beyond \ 1 their country reaching from what is now call’d \ Ukrania, and part of Lithuaniay to the Cafpian Seat
    j. ■ jy N Sea, including the whole countries of Circajjia, littIs Tartary, &c. and is now, in a great mea* fure, under the dominion of the Mufcovites. 5. Nomades. A kind of roving Tartars, in the deferts of Scythia, i. e. of Tart ary, Siberia, and the like northern countries. 6. Riphcean mountains, otherwife call’d Ptero- from the refemblance they bear to by the continual falling of the Their fitin ation is behind the Arimafpi, a roving nation up¬ on the back of the Sauromatcz. &<?<? Plin. lib. 4. cap. 12. 79. 7. Libya, and Pontic a. All the country be¬ tween the kingdoms of Tripoly and PEgypt was formerly call’d Libya, or Libya exterior *, the reft between this and the wefiermoft parts, Zi/j&i f«- /tfnV. And here I muft obferve, that it ftiou’d rather have been tranflated Zjyfe than in 39. As to Pontica, that was what the Turks now call Natolia, and had the Black Sea to the north, Armenia to the the Mediterranean and the flo/y ZW to the feutb, and the Archipelago to the weft. The part of this country was not a great way from PZz/zj already mention’d. 8. Perinthus. See the fecond chapter, and in the fecond book. Places mention'd in the fecond chapter, i. e. in the Epidemicks of Hippocrates,' Thafus. An ifland between Neapolis and Ab~ Zoks ! ^ ^era, upon the GGaft of Thrace, Alfaro
    Jbderae A city upon the Thracian coaft, at the mouth of the river Neftus. Lariffa. A city of Thejfaly, in that part of it i call’d Pelajgiotis, upon the river Peneus. Cyzicus. An and ri/j in Propontis, next to My ft a not far from Prnfa in Bitbynia. Melihma. A maritime city in the province of Magnefia, not far from Larijfa. Clazomence, An ifihmus and riiy upon the bor- 3 ders of Ionia, making part of the hay of Smyrna* Cranon. A city upon the borders of Phthio- I* the fts | tis, Magnefia, and Pelajgiotis, not far fromconc** ii Pherce. Perinthus. A city of Thrace in Propontis, : call’d afterwards Heraclea. Aims. A ci/jy of Thrace at the mouth of the river Hebrus, next the &$jy of Mel as. It was for¬ merly call’d Abfinfbus. Cranon, • Perinthus, Aldera, JEnus, already /» tie j mention’d. fourth. Corinth. A famous ri/y upon the Ifihmus, be* tween Peloponnefus and Attica. I C ** ' ' i* -A $lis. A in the kingdom of in /* th ! loponnefius, famous for the celebration of the Olym* 1 pick Games. JEniada. A city in Ah tv Ha at the mouth of | the river Achelous, right againft Ithaca, the king- ij dom of Ulyjfes. Athens.