Descriptive catalogue of the specimens illustrating medical pathology, in the Museum of University College, London / Charles Stonham.

Stonham, Charles, 1858-1916.

Date:: 1890

Credit: Descriptive catalogue of the specimens illustrating medical pathology, in the Museum of University College, London / Charles Stonham. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by The University of Leeds Library. The original may be consulted at The University of Leeds Library.

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$101 ANEURYSM OF THE OEEEBRAL VESSELS. {Videpage 115, No. 3475.) 3648. A wa.\ model o£ the brain, showing extensive disease of the cerebral arteries at the base, with softening of the riyht frontal lobe. The basilar artery has been laid open, and is seen to be considerably but uniformly dilated in its entire lenglh; its terminal branches (posterior cerebral) pi'esent a very uneven outline. The right internal carotid, just where the middle cerebral arises, is the seat of a saccu- lated aneurysm the size of a marble; from this the posterior communicating is given off. The middle cerebral is involved in the dilatation. A second aneurysm considerably smaller is seen on the middle cerebral at the spot where it begins to divide over the island of Eeil. The right anterior cerebral and anterior commu- nicating arteries are uniformly dilated. Tlie left middle cerebral from its commencement almost to the lower eud of the fissure of Rolando presents a genei'al fusiform enlargement, as do the branches from it going to the anterior perforated spot. The left hemisphere is apparently healthy, but the right one shows softening of the frontal lobe, extending as far back as the anterior limb of the Sylvian fissure. Over the base of the third frontal convolution is an area of congestion ; this and the softening are due to the obstruction in the arteries supplying the parts. 2780 CEREBRAL THROMBOSIS AND EMBOLISM. {Videpage 115, Nos. 3480 to 3483.) 3649. Two wax models, showing thrombosis of the superior longitudinal sinus, and cerebral softening with capillary haemorrhages. The sinus has been spht up, and is seen to contain a pale red clot, which extends into the openings of the cerebral veins; it is stated to have been adherent to the walls. The centrum ovale minus of each hemisphere has been exposed by a horizontal section ; the most marked changes are seen in the right hemisphere, in the middle part of which the brain-substauce is distinctly softened and broken down. The softened area presents a greenish- yellow colour. Both in front and behind this the brain is swollen and pulpy, being in marked contrast with the condition of the opposite hemisphere. Capillary haemorrhages, best marked on the cortex, beset the surface over the whole area of softening, extending forwards into the frontal lobe. The pia-arachnoid seen behind the level of section is of a deep red colour, the result of multiple extravasations. A large superficial vein in the occijjital region is distended by blood-clot; anot her one at the lateral aspect, seen in cross section, is in a similar condition. In the left hemisphere the changes are chiefly confined to the neighbourhood of the longi- tudinal fissure, where the haemorrhages are numerous, a few are also seen in the centrum ovale. There is but little evidence of softening. A vein in the occipital region is thrombosed, 4161 History.—A. D., aged 15, was ndinitted into the London Fever Hospital on April 9th, 1856. On admission she stated that she had been ill for a Aveek, but she was too ill to give any clear history. She was much emaciated, and in an extremely dirly condition, very prostrate, and sufTering froni slight headache and great nervous depression. Pulse 13(5. She was quite conscious and rational, but, on being asked questions, cried, and was oxlreniely nervous. Bowels not been open I'or a week. The tongue was sliglitly furred ; the skin and mucous membrane very ])ale. Physical examination showed the heart and lungs to be healthy. The condition gradually became wor.so till April 14th. when sligiit delirium su])ervcned, although she could br, roused to answer questioii.s. Pulse Kit). On l.'Jth and Hlh there were (contractions of the Innbs, on the Joih cojna, passing I'n'ce.s and urine involuntary. The breathing was slow and heavy, with traclienl rhonclnis. She renuiincd in this condition, the limbs remaining motionless, until the 17th, when death occurred. 3650. Three wax models, illustrating tlu'ombosis of the superior longitudinal sinus,$