Sanitary science applied to buildings and public works / [Henry Adams].

  • Adams, Henry, 1846-1935.
Date:
1926
Catalogue details

Licence: In copyright

Credit: Sanitary science applied to buildings and public works / [Henry Adams]. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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    too liberally ; while his informant (an engineer) had similar hot-water apparatus in use for thirty years without renewal. Warming by steam pipes is not suitable for private houses or general institutions, but has many advantages for factories. Exhaust steam is used for this purpose and the pipes are of cast-iron 4 or 6 in. in diameter-. They have to be laid with a good fall owing to the amount of condensation water, and pro¬ vision has to be made for expansion and contraction. Warming by hot air is sometimes adopted for large build¬ ings, but it is bad in principle, and is going out of favour. Before the rooms get warmed up the body is immersed in air uncomfortably warm, while the walls are abstracting some of the bodily heat, or as it is sometimes graphically but not scientifically expressed, the walls are radiating cold. On the other hand, when the place is fully warmed up, there is an absence of the occasional changes in temperature which are necessrary to brace up the human system. One advantage is, perhaps, that in summer the same arrangement of ducts may be used to convey air that has been cooled by being driven by a ventilating fan through a wet screen. Examination Questions Relating to Chapter IX. 1 •—(#) Explain clearly how the air of a room becomes heated by an open fire-place ; (b) how does the interior of a green-house become heated by the sun’s rays ? 2. —What is meant by the terms “ radiation,” “ conduction,” “ convection.” Give examples of each as applied to the heating of rooms. Name the various methods of warming large buildings, and describe their advantages and disadvantages. 3. —Name some of the causes of down-draught in a chimney. Why does a fire often smoke when first lighted ? 4- —What are the advantages and disadvantages of each of the following methods of warming a dwelling-room : (n) open coal fire ; (b) closed stove with flue ; (c) flueless gas stove. 5- “—State the advantages and disadvantages attending the use of (a) coal, and (b) coal gas, as a heating agent, and describe a fire¬ place suitable for use in connection with the former. 6. What are the respective advantages, disadvantages, and dangers (if any) attendant upon the use of [a) open coal fires, (b) slow