Human aging and behavior : recent advances in research and theory / edited by George A. Talland.

Date:
1968
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Licence: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)

Credit: Human aging and behavior : recent advances in research and theory / edited by George A. Talland. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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    186 ROBERT E. CANESTRARI. JR. are provided. Further, it is evident that the utilization of provided mediators sharply reduced the number of omission errors given by the elderly S. It is possible that the mediators help the older person to develop the associa¬ tion necessary for storing the pair in a manner that makes it more available for recall. A second possibility is related to the hypothesis that the elderly are more cautious and will not provide a response unless they are confident of its correctness. Providing mediators could result in increased confidence. An important question that remains unanswered is related to the elderly person's inability to develop mediators. This loss may be related to a lack of practice in the utilization of this strategy or to a loss of abstractive ability resulting from central nervous system changes that occur with age. Acknowledgments The work of Mr. Larry C. Gaskins, chief of medical illustration at the Veterans Administra¬ tion Center, Hampton, Virginia, in preparing photographic materials used in Experiment I is gratefully acknowledged. REFERENCES Andrews, W. Structural alteration with aging in the nervous system. J. chronic Dis., 1956, 3, 575-596. Arenberg, D. Anticipation interval and age differences in verbal learning. 7. abnorm. Psychol., 1965, 70, 419^25. Averbach, E., & Coriell, A. S. Short term memory in vision. Bell System Tech. J., 1961, 40, 309^328. Bromley, D. B. Some experimental tests of the effect of age on creative intellectual output. J. Geront., 1956, 11, 74-78. Canestrari, R. E. Paced and self-paced learning in young and elderly adults. J. Geront., 1963, 18, 165-168. Chesrow, E. J., Wosika, P. H., & Reivitz, H. H. A psychometric evaluation of aged white males. Geriatrics, 1949, 4, 169-177. Eisdorfer, C., Axelrod, S., & WUkie, F. L. Stimulus exposure time as a factor in serialleaming in an aged sample. J. abnorm, soc. Psychol., 1963, 67, 594-600. Gruber, H. е., Kulkin, А., & Schwartz, P. The effect of exposure time on mnemonic proces¬ sing in paired associate learning. Paper presented to Eastern Psychol. Assoc. meeting, Atlantic City, New Jersey, April, 1965. Hulicka, Irene M. Age group comparisons for the use of mediators. Paper presented at Southwestern Psychol. Assoc. meetings, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, April, 1965. Hulicka, Irene M. Age changes and age differences in memory functioning. Unpublished manuscript, D'Youville College, Buffalo, New York, 1966. Hulicka, Irene M., Stems, H., & Grossman, J. Age group comparisons of paired associate learning as a function of paced and self-paced association and response times. Unpublished manuscript, D'Youville College and The State University of New York at Buffalo, 1966. Jenker, Fritz L. Rheoencephalography. Springfield, 111.; Charles С Thomas, 1962.