The American cyclopedia of practical medicine and surgery: a digest of medical literature (Volume 1).

  • Hays, Isaac, 1796-1879.
Date:
1834-1836
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: The American cyclopedia of practical medicine and surgery: a digest of medical literature (Volume 1). Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by the National Library of Medicine (U.S.), through the Medical Heritage Library. The original may be consulted at the National Library of Medicine (U.S.)

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    S. N. Secundum naturam, according to nature. Solv. Solve, dissolve. Spt. Spiritus, spirit. Sq. Squama, scale. S. S. S. Stratum super stratum, layer upon layer. St. Stet, let it stand; stent, let them stand. Sub. Jin. cod. Sub finem coctionis, when the boiling is nearly finished. Succ. Succus, juice.; Sum. Sumat, let the patient take. Sumend. Sumendum, to be taken. Sum. tal. Sumat talem, let the patient take one like this. S. V. Spiritus vinosus, ardent spirit. S. V. R. Spiritus vini rectificatus, spirit of wine. S. V. T. Spiritus vinosus tenuis, diluted spirit, or alcohol and water in equal parts. Syr. Syrupus, syrup. Temp. dext. Tempori dextro, to the right temple; tempori sinistro, to the left temple. Tinct. Tinclura, a tincture. T. O. Tinctura opii, tincture of opium. Tr. Tinctura, a tincture. Trit. Tritura, triturate. Ult. prescr. Ultimo prescriptus, the last ordered. Vesp. Vespere, in the evening. Vin. Vinum, wine. V. O. or Vit. ov. Vitellus ovi, yolk of an egg. V. O. S. Vitello ovi solutus, dissolved in the yolk of an egg. Vom. urg. Vomitione urgente, the vomit- ing being urgent. Cal. Calix. Corol. Corolla. Ped. Peduncle. Per. Pericarp. Pet. Petiole. Recep. Receptacle. Stam. Stamen. Stip. Stipule. ^ signifies that the plant is an annual one. $ a biennial one. 2£ a perennial one. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES. Lib. or ft>. Libra or Libra, a pound or pounds. When preceded by Arabic figures, Avoirdupois weight is meant; when succeeded by Roman numerals, Troy weight is intended. O. Octarius, a wine pint. Oz. An ounce avoirdupois. 3. Uncia, or Uncia, an ounce, or ounces, Troy. fj. Fluiduncia, a fluid ounce. 3. Drachma, or Drachmce, a drachm, or drachms. f3. Fluidravhma, a fluid drachm. 9. Scrupulus, or Scrupuli, a scruple, or scruples. Gr. Granum. or Grana, a grain, or grains. Mill, or rj]_. Minimum, a minim, the 60th part of a fluidrachm. £s. Semis, one half; as 3ss. half a drachm, 9ss. half a scruple, &c. ?'. one; ij. two; itj. three; iv. four, &c. I. Hays. ABDOMEN, from abdere, to hide, or conceal. The appellation, abdomen (cavum abdominis), is applied to an irregular ovoid cavity, which terminates the inferior por- tion of the trunk of the body. Art. I. Anatomy of the Abdomen. § 1. General Anatomical Description of the Abdomen. The abdomen is by far the largest of all the splanchnic cavities, and is occupied by the most important organs of nutritive or vegetative life, as well as by a portion of those which are subservient to the secretion and excretion of urine, and the propagation of the species. In the living state, it is everywhere accurately filled by these organs, and its yielding parietes readi- ly accommodate themselves to their various states of plenitude and distension, as well as to their opposite conditions of vacuity and collapse. There is, therefore, under no circumstances any vacuity within this extensive region of the body ; and it only assumes the condition of a cavity, in the strict sense of the word, after the natural relations of the organs with its parietes and with each other, have been destroyed by the flaccidity of death, or after they have been removed by the dissector. Examined in a general manner, the cavi- ty of the abdomen presents two surfaces: one external, and the other internal, the configuration and arrangement of which vary according to the point at which they are examined. The external surface of the abdomen presents an anterior, a posterior, and two lateral faces, and an upper and a lower extremity, which, however, as the cavity is rounded or ovoid, pass insensibly into each other, and are everywhere continuous. 1. Parietes of the Abdomen.—Their anterior face is for the most part convex throughout its whole extent, though it presents some irregularities occasioned by slight elevations and depressions. It is terminated above by the ensiform cartilage of the sternum; in the middle, and on each side, by the cartilages of the ribs as far back as a perpendicular line drawn from the middle of the margin of those bones, to the anterior superior spinous process of