Influence of climate in a commercial, social, sanitary, and humanizing point of view : being a paper read before the American Geographical and Statistical Society : accompanied by a map of the world showing the most important isothermal lines / by J. Disturnell.

  • Disturnell, John, 1801-1877.
Date:
1860
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Influence of climate in a commercial, social, sanitary, and humanizing point of view : being a paper read before the American Geographical and Statistical Society : accompanied by a map of the world showing the most important isothermal lines / by J. Disturnell. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by the National Library of Medicine (U.S.), through the Medical Heritage Library. The original may be consulted at the National Library of Medicine (U.S.)

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    Meteorology of Cincinnati, Ohio. Months. 1857: November,.. December, , 1858: January, February,.. Marcli, April, May, June, July, August September, October, ... Thermometer 1 l!ain in Inches. Maximum. Minimum. Mean Temp. 71° 12° 39° Fabr. 5.36 69 25 42 3.82 61 28 42 2.56 63 1 30 1.74 78 6 44 1.05 87 35 57 4.34 87 44 64 8.32 94 56 76 5.69 93 70 84 3.01 90 60 78 7.97 89 52 70 .85 86 41 59 4.66 The maximum, 94D; minimum, 1°; monthly range, 93' Fahr. Mean for the year (1857-8), 57° Fahr. Rain, 49.37 inches. Average f'or^a series of'years, 543 42. JSTote.—The average depth of rain and melted snow for the State of Ohio, is not more than 40 inches. Cincinnati and its vicinity, on both sides of the Ohio river, lias about the same mean temperature as San Francisco, California. The grape here flourishes to per- fection, where are annually produced large quantities of wine of superior quality. The average fall of rain and snow in the State of Xew York, during ten years preceding 18-16, according to the Report of the Regents of the University, was 31.11 inches. The greatest fall in any one year, during that period, was 37.01 inches, and the least 32.10 inches. This may be said to be about the average amount of moisture, or rain and snow falling in the New England, Northern, and Middle States of the Union, east of the Alleghany range of Mountains. Climate of San Francisco, California. The following memoranda are compiled from the observations of Dr. II. S. Gibbons, of San Francisco: The mean of the extremes of Temperature for the year 1855, was 57c57\ which appears to be nearly the mean temperature of the climate, as the following figures for five years will show : Mean temperature of 1851, . . 56°.573 Do. 1852, . . 56°.537 Do. 1853, . . 58M25 Do. 1851, . . 57 .209 Do. L855, . . 57°.570 Do. for the five years, 57°.203 The extreme heat of the year 1855 was 90°, the only time that, in the course of five years, it has risen to that height, except on two days of September, 1852. In some years the extreme heat is not above 81°, and it is only on a few days that it is so great. In 1855, for example, the mercury rose to 80°, or above, only on six days ; in 1851, only on nine days ; in 1852, on fourteen days ; in 1853, on eleven days ; in 1854, on twelve days. 'The greatest degree of cold in 1S55 was 29°, and the mercury was at or below the freezing point on six days. It was below 40° on ten days. In some winters there is no freezing weather, and the tenderest plants bloom in the garden all the year. The lowest temperature in a period of five years was 25°, in January, 1854. In 1853, the mercury did not fall below 40°. The warmest morning in the year 1855 was 64°, and the warmest in live years 66°; but only one or two mornings in the year approach that figure. The range of the thermometer in 1855 was 61° ; in 1851, 54° ; in 1852, 63° ; in 1853, 48° ; in 1854, 62 . Rain, during the five years, fell as follows : In 1851, on 53 davs, 15.12 inches. In 1S52, on 60 days, 25.6Q In 1853, on 44 days, 19.03 In 1854, on 51 days, 22.12 In 1855, on 06 days, 27.80 that of 1852-'53, 33.16 inches ; that of 1853-'54, 22.93 inches; that of 1851-55, 24.10 inches. The rainy season may be reckoned from about the middle of .November to the beginning of April. . Meteorological Observations at Rivas, Nica- ragua, isso-^i. Date of Observation 1850: September, October, November, December, 1851: January, February, March, April, May, June July, August, Total Mean,. 78° 12' 77° 0' 78° 42' 77 11' 76' 40' 76 0 77° 0' 78° 83' 78 29 77 12 76° 98' 76 20' Highest. 86 86 84 87 si 84 88 91 88 86 86 Lowest. 71° 70 74 72 69 70 72 72 68 71 71 71 Ranee. T 42 86 45 7V 15' 17 16 12 12 18 14 12 16 23 17 15 15 1.-, 30 Here it will be observed that the maximum range was in the month of May, and was 23° Fahrenheit. The mean range for the year, however, was only 1.'/ 30'. The heat, it will be perceived, at no. time of the year is as great as it is during July and August, in the city of Xew York.