Diseases of infants and children / by Henry Dwight Chapin and Godfrey Roger Pisek ; with 181 ill. and eleven colored plates.

  • Chapin, Henry Dwight, 1857-1942.
Date:
1911
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Diseases of infants and children / by Henry Dwight Chapin and Godfrey Roger Pisek ; with 181 ill. and eleven colored plates. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by the Harvey Cushing/John Hay Whitney Medical Library at Yale University, through the Medical Heritage Library. The original may be consulted at the Harvey Cushing/John Hay Whitney Medical Library at Yale University.

    89/690 (page 59)
    The Roentgen Rays. The X-rays are of late assuming a greater importance in pedi- atric practice. Foreign bodies swallowed or aspirated, fractures and dis- locations, bone changes and tumors, estimation of anatomic age, dis- placed viscera, consolidations and exudations are conditions in which we can obtain valuable aid. Short exposures should be made with the best tubes. An anesthetic is sometimes necessary for unruly children. Hemoglobin. The quantitative determination of hemoglobin must be made with fresh blood, whatever the method used. The Tallqvist hemo- globinometer is the cheapest and simplest instrument on the market, consisting merely of a color scale and special filter-paper. The blood is absorbed by a small piece of the filter-paper, and after the glazed surface has disappeared by the blood soaking into the paper, the spot is compared with the various colors of the scale in daylight, until the shade is approximately matched. The error of this method is about 5 per cent. This error may be reduced by taking care to have the drop of blood on the filter-paper at least twice as large as the ring through which the comparison of the colors is made. The Dare hemoglobinometer is a simple and satisfactory instru- ment, but is expensive and easily broken. It has the advantage that it may be read by artificial light. In this instrument the fresh blood is compared with a colored glass picture wedge. With practice the error of the instrument is less than 5 per cent. The Fleischl-Miescher hemoglobinometer is expensive and rather difficult to use, but probably is the most accurate instrument at our command and is generally found in well-equipped laboratories. For the first few days after birth the hemoglobin percentage is high, and then sinks so that it is lower in the first year of life than later, according to Perlin varying from 58 to 78 per cent, by the Fleischl- Miescher hemoglobinometer. After the nursing period, it gradually rises to 75-85 per cent, in the sixth year, reaching the average for adults at about the tenth year. Red and White Blood Counts. In making the red and white count, fresh blood must be used. The blood is drawn into a pipette and diluted 1:10 for the white cells