Specification of James Childs : manufacture of artificial gums, teeth, &c.

  • Childs, James.
Date:
1859
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Specification of James Childs : manufacture of artificial gums, teeth, &c. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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    Childs Improvements in the Manufacture of Artificial Gums, Teeth, §c. heated as it passes from the boiler or generator, and before passing into the apparatus e, and in such manner, if desired, as not to require the vessel or apparatus e to be also heated, but I prefer the arrangement shown in the Drawing. I wTould also remark, that although a separate generator may be 5 employed to ensure that the pressure of the steam should never exceed that which is perfectly safe, such separate generator may be dispensed with when using superheated steam according to my Invention. When I dispense with the use of a separate steam generator, then I introduce into the other vessel about as much water as will, when it is vaporized, fill the vessel with steam of 10a pressure such as I wish to employ, and I use a safety valve weighted to the desired pressure. By these means the vessel, when heat is applied thereto, will generate steam, and any excess will go off by the safety valve, and the remaining atmosphere of steam contained in the vessel will then become heated up to the high degree of heat desired, without so increasing the pressure as to 15 be liable to injure the vessel. Figure 2 is a longitudinal section of an apparatus suitable to be used in the manner above described, a, a, is an exterior cylinder of wrought iron resting on feet a\ a1; into the top of this cylinder a vessel b drops the flange at the top of this vessel resting on the edge of the cylinder a. The vessel b is fur- 20 nished with a cover, which can be fastened down so as to make a steam-tight joint; c is a safety valve, and d a thermometer passing through the top of the vessel b; e is a gas burner for heating the vessel b; the supply of gas to the burner is regulated by suitable taps. In place of heating the vessel with gas in this manner, other methods of 25 applying heat may be resorted to, but I prefer gas, as it is most conveniently applied and regulated. It is preferred to make the vessel b of cast iron, as this material is not liable to be acted on to a prejudicial extent by the sul¬ phuretted hydrogen liberated in the converting process. The articles to be converted, either enclosed in moulds or otherwise according to the nature of 30 the articles, are placed in the vessel b, together with a small quantity of water, and the cover is fixed on, and the safety valve weighted to the pressure it is desired to apply; the gas is then lighted under the vessel b, and steam generated in the vessel. When the pressure of the steam is sufficient, it raises the safety valve c, and the steam continues to blow off till all the water is 35 evaporated; when this is the case the valve closes, and the steam begins to be superheated. The thermometer should then be carefully observed as the temperature rises to the desired point, and there it is maintained by regulating the quantity of gas passing to the burner e by the taps on the gas pipe until the process is complete. In some cases, in place of putting an indefinite