A case of toxic amblyopia : with autopsy and microscopical examination of the specimens / by G. E. de Schweinitz.

  • De Schweinitz, G. E. (George Edmund), 1858-1938.
Date:
[1897]
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Credit: A case of toxic amblyopia : with autopsy and microscopical examination of the specimens / by G. E. de Schweinitz. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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    Extracted from The American Journal of the Medical Sciences, September, 1897. A CASE OF TOXIC AMBLYOPIA, WITH AUTOPSY AND MICROSCOPICAL EXAMINATION OF THE SPECIMENS.^ Although von Graefe, Leber, and Forster surmised that central scotoma was, under certain circumstances, a symptom of lesion of the optic nerve, absolute proof of this belief was not reached until 1880, when Samelsolm published his researches on the pathological anatomy of retrobulbar neuritis (central amblyoj^ia). True, some earlier obser- vations (Erisman, in 1867, and Leber, in 1869) are on record, but, as Uhthoff has observed, their cases were not pure examples of intoxica- tion-amblyopia, and, therefore, Samelsohn has the credit of ^iiublishing the first well-studied case of this affection which came to autopsy. Since the date of this paper the literature has been enriched by the description of about twenty additional post-mortem and microscopical examinations of intoxication-amblyopias; but even now there is not perfect accord with reference to the exact pathological anatomy of this interesting affec- tion, and hence no excuse seems necessary for the record of a new case.^ It is as follows : M. T., aged sixty years, born in Ireland, widower, a messenger in the Philadelphia Hospital, consulted me first in the spring of 1895, with the hope of obtaining relief for failing vision. History. With the exception of frequent attacks of facial neuralgia, 1 Read before the American OphthaimologicarSociety, in Washington, May, 1897. 2 In the following list are the references to the most important papers describing the lesions, in intoxication-amblyopias based upon microscopical examination : 1. Samelsohn : Graefe's Archiv, 1882, xxviii., Abth. 1, pp. 1-110. 2. Vossius: Ibid., xxviii., Abth. iii. p. 201. 3. Nettleship and Edmunds : Trans. Ophth. Soc. of the U. K., 1881, i. p. 124. 4. Bunge: Ueber die Gesichtsfeld und Faserverlauf im Optischen Leitungs-Apparat. Halle, 1884. 5. Thorasen : Archiv f. Psychiatric, xiii. p. 352. 6 Uhthoff: Graefe's Archiv, 1886, xxxii., Abth. iv. 95-108, and ibid., xxxiii., i. pp. 257-318. 7. Wildbrand: Bericht iiber die Versammlung der Ophthalmolog. Gesellschaft, xxii., Heidelberg. 1892, p. 84. 8. Sachs : Archives of Ophthalmology, 1889, xviii., No. 2. pp. 133-162, and ibid., 1894, xxiii., No. 4, pp. 226-444. 9. StoltzLng: Klinische und Anatomische Beitriige zur Intoxications-amblyopie, Inaug. Dissert., Marburg, 1893. This thesis contains abstracts of all microscopical examinations in cases of toxic amblyopia up to date of its publication. 10. Nuel: Archives d'Ophtalmologie, October, 1895; March and August. 1896. 11. Schmidt-Rimpler: Bericht iiber die Versammlung der Ophthalmolog. Gesellschaft, XXV., Heidelberg, 1897, p. 99. In addition to the cases referred to above, fifteen in number, there have been about six others, notably those of Leber, Erisman, Magnan, and B idecker. Schmidt-Rimpler's paper describes especially diabetic amblyopia. By G. E. de Schweinitz, A.M., M.D., OF PHILAnELPHIA.