Volume 3

The New Sydenham Society's lexicon of medicine and the allied sciences : (based on Mayne's Lexicon) / by Henry Power and Leonard W. Sedgwick.

  • Power, H. (Henry), 1829-1911.
Date:
MDCCCLXXXI [1881]-MDCCCXCIX [1899]
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: The New Sydenham Society's lexicon of medicine and the allied sciences : (based on Mayne's Lexicon) / by Henry Power and Leonard W. Sedgwick. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by King’s College London. The original may be consulted at King’s College London.

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    to Professor Hau^htoti, it is for each square inch of cross section 102*55 lbs. for the coefficient of flexors of ai'ms and of leg, whilst Henke and Koster find it to be 123-04 lbs. per square inch. P., accelerating. (L. accelero, to hasten.) A force which continues to act upon a body so as to continue the impulse to movement after the first impact. F., an'imal. The muscular energy of an animal. P., assim'ilative. See F. of assimilation. P., atom'ic. {Atom.) The foi-ce which is exerted between the atoms of diff'erent sub- stances; as chemical attraction. P., attrac'tive. (L. attraho, to draw together.) The force or influence by which the tissues draw to themselves the nutritive juices of the body from which to select their own pa- bulum. Also, a term which includes all the forces which tend to bring bodies or molecules toge- ther, such as the force of gravitation and the force of cohesion. P., catabiotlc. (KaTajStcoo-is, living.) Gublei-'s term for the influence exerted by living structures on neighbouring cells, by which their development is determined in harmony or into the likeness of the primary structure. P., catalytic. See Catalysis. P., cell. See Cell force. P., centrif'ug-al. See Centrifugal force. P., centrip'etal. See Centripetal force. P., coer'cive. See Coercive force. P., cohe'sive. See Cohesion. P.s, composit'ion of. (L. compono, to put together.) The combination of two or more forces acting in diff'erent directions into one re- sultant, which will act in some other direction, as in the parallelogram or polygon of forces. P., conserva'tion of. (L. conservo, to keep in existence. G. Erhaltimg der Kraft.) The doctrine that the various forces oi forms of energy can be reciprocally transformed into each other, so that kinetic energy may be changed into potential energj^, and potential energy into kinetic energy; and this without loss of force or energ5^ P.s, correla'tion of. (L. cor, for con, together; relatus, part, of refero, to bear back.) The doctrine that the diff'erent forces are inti- mately related to each other^ and are different manifestations of motion. P., depres'sion of. (L. deprimo, to press down.) The muscular weakness which is induced by such general causes as enteric fever, or such local causes, as a lesion of nerve. P., elas'tic, of gras'es. Same as Gases, tension of. P., elec'tric. The force of electricity. Also, see Electric force. P., electromo'tive. See Electromotive force. P., endosmot'ic. See Endosmosis. P., epipol'ic. The force of Epipolasis. P.s, equillb'rium of. See Equilibrium of forces. P., expul'sive. See Vis expultrix. Also, in the plural, the same as Expulsive pains. P., exter'nal. (L. externus, outward.) A force which acts on a body from without, as the force of gravitation. P., field of. The district or space within which a force is influential. P., form'ative. (L./on;?o, to shape. G. Bildungstrieb.) Same as F., plastic. P., g-erm. See Germ force. P., impul'sive. (L. impello, to drive forward.) A force which acts on a body for a moment only, as the blow of a billiard ball. P., Inter'nal. (L. internus, within.) A force which is exerted between the particles, or molecules, or atoms, of a body, as the force of cohesion. P., kinet'ic. Same as Energy, kinetic. P., line of. The direction in which a force is acting. P., living. (F. force vive.) Same as Energy, kinetic. P., mag-net'ic. See Magnetic force. P., meas'urement of. The absolute measurement of force is the velocity imparted to a body of unit mass, as a pound or a kilogramme, by a force acting on it for a unit of time, as a second. Or, force is estimated by the measure of the force by which a unit mass, as a pound or a kilo- gramme, is attracted towards the earth, and is calculated on the basis of the distance which the unit mass will fall in a unit of time, as a se- cond. P., mechan'ical. {Mex^viko?, relating to machines.) The power which produces, or tends to produce, motion, or alteration of the direction of motion, or arrest of motion. P., medicative. See Vis medicatrix. P., metatooric. The influence which causes Metabolism. P., molec'ular. (L. moleculus, a little mass.) A force exerted between molecules or particles of the same substance; as cohesion, affinity, and adhesion. P.s, mo'ment of. See Moment of force. P., mo'tive. Same as Momentum. P., mo'ving. Same as Momentum. P., mus'cular. The force or energy ex- erted in the contraction of muscle. P., nu'tritive. (h. nutria, to fQedi.) The force otherwise called plastic. P. of assimila'tion. (L. ad, io ; simulo, to resemble.) A term for the collective action of the digestive and absorptive apparatus by which the materials of the outer world, whether organic or inorganic, are so modified as to become capable of forming part of a living body. P. of cohe'sion. See Cohesion. P. of gravity. Same as Gravitation. P. of iner'tia. See Inertia. P.s of medicines. See Medicines, forces of. F. of restitu'tion. (L. restituo, to re- place in its former position.) The force, whatever it may be, which tends to bring back a disturbed body to its position of rest. P., osmotic. See Osmosis. P.s, parallelepip'edon of. (IlapuX- KriXz-jTLirz^ov, a body with parallel surfaces.) This is analogous to the parallelepipedon of velocities, hence, if two component forces be at right angles to one another, the square of the resultant force will be equal to the sum of their squares. P.s, parallel'ogram of. {Tiapa\\i]\6- bounded by parallel lines.) The pro- position that when two forces act at the same time on a body in different directions, _ the mag- nitude and direction of the resultant single force will be represented by the diagonal of the pa-