A dictionary of practical medicine: comprising general pathology, the nature and treatment of diseases, morbid structures, and the disorders especially incidental to climates, to the sex, and to the different forms of life : with numerous prescriptions for the medicines recommended, a classification of diseases according to pathological principles, a copious bibliography, with references, and an appendix of approved formulae : the whole forming a library of pathology and practical medicine and a digest of medical literature (Volume 9).

  • Copland, James, 1791-1870.
Date:
1834-59
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: A dictionary of practical medicine: comprising general pathology, the nature and treatment of diseases, morbid structures, and the disorders especially incidental to climates, to the sex, and to the different forms of life : with numerous prescriptions for the medicines recommended, a classification of diseases according to pathological principles, a copious bibliography, with references, and an appendix of approved formulae : the whole forming a library of pathology and practical medicine and a digest of medical literature (Volume 9). Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by the National Library of Medicine (U.S.), through the Medical Heritage Library. The original may be consulted at the National Library of Medicine (U.S.)

    82/394
    cases, being an Inquiry into the Connexion of Diabetes, Calculus, and other affections of the Kidney and Bladder with Indigestion, 8vo. Lond., 1S4-3, 4th edit.— II'. < tail. .son, on the Diseases of the Bladder and Prostate Gland, 4th edit., Svo. Lond., 1S52. (See also Bimliog. and Refer, to the next Article.) [Am. Busliou. and Refer. — S. D. Gross, a Practical Treatise o.i the Diseases, Injuries, and Malformations of the Urinary Bladder, the Prostate Gland, and the I're- thra, 2d ed., Svo, p. 925. The ablest and most compre- hensive work, on the subjects of which it treats, hitherto published. It is remarkably full, clear, and accurate in its statements, and the medical and surgical treatment recommended for its various affections is in the highest degree wise and judicious. There are numerous articles, reports of cases, essays, &c, relating to the bladder and its diseases scattered throughout the American medical journals, many of which are worthy of special mention. We shall, however, refer to only a few, as the book of Dr. Gross supersedes the necessity of more particular mention.—J. B. S. Jackson, Descriptive Catalogue of the Anatomical Museum of the Boston Society for Mutual Improvement, Svo, p. 352. Bost.,1847. (See Malforma- tions of the Bladder.)—C. P. Johnson, Medical Examiner, July, 1S50, p. 3S6. — E. R. Peaslee, Case of Rupture of Bladder, Am. Journ. of Med. Science, N. S., vol. xix., p. 383, 1850.— Stephen Smith, Case of Rupture of Bladder, N. Y. Journ. of Medicine, N. S., vol. vi., p. 374,1S51.— IF. Walker, Lithotomy, Med. Com. of Mass. Med. Soa, vol. vii., 1845. For a full description of Dr. Sims'S mode of operation for vesico-vaginal fistula, see Gross on Urinary Organs.—,V. R. Smith, Surgical Works. Phil., 1844.— A. Brigham, Worms in the Bladder, simulating Stone, Am. Journ. of Medical Science, vol. xx., p. 59.—Joseph Bossuet, New Eug. Journ. of Med. and Surg., vol. vi., p. 134. 1817. (Case of Foetal Remains in the Bladder.)—P. S. Dorsey, System of Surgery, 2 vols. PhiL, 1813. (Re- tention of Urine, &c.)—Dr. Le Seur, Am. Journ. of Med. Science, 1854, Ap., p. 403. (Case of inter-pubic puncture of Bladder.)—W. Parker, S. Cooper's First Lines of Sur- gery, N. Y.—P. F. Eve, Southern Med. and Surg. Journ., 1849. (Case of Lithotomy, in which 170 calculi were re- moved from the Bladder.)—In Gibson's Surg., vol. ii., p. 220, may be found an account of Dr. Piiysick's opera- tion for lithotomy on Chief Justice Marshall, in which upward of 1(100 calculi were removed from the bladder. —G. Blackman, N. Y. Journ. of Med. and Surg., Is52, p. 109. (Lithotrity.)—G. S. Pattison, Am. Med. Recorder, vol. v. (Anatomical Cause of Infiltration of Urine aft- er Lithotomy.)—George McClellan, Surgery, Phil. Other references will be given under Urine and Urinary De- URINE AND ITS DEPOSITS.—Classif.— General and Special Pathology, and Ther- apeutics. 1. The urine is one of the chief depurating se- cretions in the animal economy, and one which, when interrupted or arrested, rapidly terminates existence. This secretion in some form or other occurs in all animals, either by a distinct appara- tus, or by a vicarious or associated function, in which latter form it also takes place even in the vegetable creation ; and in all it is characterized as the excretory function of nitrogenous elements and compounds, variously associated with other substances. In the human subject and in the more perfect animals the conditions of the urine depend upon the states of the frame generally, upon the states of the urinary organs, and upon the food and drink of the individual. Hence these conditions are of the greatest importance to the pathologist, by enabling him to recognise, 1st, those states of the system with which they are severally connected ; 2d, those lesions, func- tional and structural, of the kidneys, of which they are often the symptoms and effects ; and, 3d, the influences produced by the food and drinks of the individual upon his system and urinary organs. 2. The urine is derived from the blood—is a dep- urating secretion performed by the kidneys from the blood as long as these organs are actuated by the organic nervous influence distributed to them, aided by whatever share of influence may be transmitted to them or their ganglia by the spinal nerves. The urine being derived lroni the blood, and being one of the chief depurating se- cretions by which the blood is preserved in due or healthy quantity and quality, it must be mani- fest that the phenomena connected with the urine and its secretion become important indications, not merely of the states of the blood itself, but also of the several sources by which the blood is altered or contaminated. 3. It was stated in the first part of this work, and then explained (in 1832), that the kidneys conveyed from the blood the fluids carried into the blood, and with these fluids the effete mate- rials, the ultimate results of animalization, and various other elements and substances resulting from indigestion and mal-assimilation, or other- wise absorbed into the circulating mass. As long as the kidneys discharge their functions, an excess of the fluid elements of the blood, and of various saline and nitrogenous materials, are pre- vented from accumulating in the blood ; these functions being strictly depurating, as respects the purity or quality of the blood, and elimi- nating, or excretory, or excrementitious, as re- spects not only the quality but also the quantity of the circulating mass. 4. It is thus obvious that the urine consists chiefly of the fluids and of the fluid parts of the aliments taken into the stomach, and carried into the blood ; and that it contains not only saline and other ingredients derived from the ingesta, and from the changes which the ingesta undergo, in the digestive canal, and in their passage into the blood, but also the effete nitrogenous mate- rials resulting from the waste and absorption of the tissues, which are first conveyed into the blood by the absorbents and veins, and afterward eliminated from the blood, with the fluids in ex- cess, by the action of the kidneys. 5. Such being the source of the urine, it may be inferred that the quantity and condition of this excretion will depend upon a variety of circum- stances which require the recognition of the pa- thologist in his investigations of disease—upon the states of the digestive and assimilating func- tions ; upon the states of the circulating organs and of the blood ; upon the states of the urinary apparatus; and upon the states of the other dep- urating and eliminating functions—upon those of the skin, lungs, liver, and intestines. In re- cent times, and in recent writings, the conditions of the urine have received a due, if not an ex- cessive, share of attention, especially from the chemical pathologists ; yet these conditions have been insufficiently investigated in their relations to the other depurating functions, and especially to that of the skin, this particular function being either altogether overlooked, or very imperfectly inquired into. When treating of the Blood (see y 115-1G0), and when giving a succinct view of pathology under the head of Disease (see y 94- 104, and 163, ct seq.), I there stated the same doc- trines as those now enunciated, but more explic- itly and fully than I have now done ; and since then (published in 1832) the same views have re- ceived the approval of, because they have been altogether adopted by, more recent writers, al- though without acknowledgment of their long previous existence in the pages of this work. I may request those who are curious in this matter to read what I have stated in the articles and in the sections just referred to, and to peruse the