Cellular toxins, or, The chemical factors in the causation of disease / by Victor C. Vaughan and Frederick G. Novy.

  • Vaughan, Victor C. (Victor Clarence), 1851-1929
Date:
1903
Catalogue details

Licence: In copyright

Credit: Cellular toxins, or, The chemical factors in the causation of disease / by Victor C. Vaughan and Frederick G. Novy. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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    REBMAN’S PURE ASEPTIC GLYCERINATED CALF LYMPH. Free from Erysipelas and Tubercle. Prepared under Government Control, and complying with all the requirements of the Local Government Board. Specially licensed by the Local Government Board for use on board ship. Small Tube for One Vaccination, 6d. Whole Tube, for Three to Five Vaccinations, Is. Scarifying Needles (steel), 2s. per dozen During a number of years of experience in the Vaccine business, we have had special opportunities for observing the peculiarities of calf lymph. We have found that many of the preparations now ito the market are of uncertain stability, and that almost all the Institutes where calf lymph is cultivated have been ! periodically attacked by epidemics of inertness, a fact which has caused a great deal of annoy- ance and disappointment to vaccinators in private practice as well as in the public service. We early recognised the great advantages which accrued from the preservation of the lymph with Pure Glycerine, a method which has received the sanction of the leading au- thorities on the subject, and which has been recently recommended by the Royal Commis- sion on Vaccination. We nave therefore every confidence in our Glycerinized Calf Lymph, especially as it is prepared under the most favourable circumstances obtainable, in the purest of air, in premises arranged according to the best hygienic rules, on cattle of the soundest and healthiest breed, and under the constant and regular supervision of Govern- ment Health Officers, It is a pure calf lymph, cultivated from calf to calf, and is prepared from vesicles most scrupulously selected by an expert. It is put up with the greatest care and under conditions of absolute cleanliness, in sterilized and accurately sealed tubes. Before the calf is inoculated with the virus, it is tested with tuberculin. When the vaccine has been removed from the calf, the Govern- ment Inspector sees that the calf is slaughtered, and he himself makes a thorough examination of the carcass. If symptoms of any transfer- able disease should be present, the lymph taken from that calf is destroyed by him. Moreover, recent research has proved that when calf lymph is quite fresh it contains many foreign micro-organisms. These have to be destroyed. This is done by storing the lymph in glycerine for a certain period before it is drawn into tubes, so that when it goes on the market from us it is, practically speaking, germ- ] free. But as the glycerine destroys also the efficacy of the virus itself in the course of time, the lymph should not be used when over a certain age, as it is then inert. If the necessary precautions are taken at the time when scarification is made and a pure reliable calf lymph is employed, there can be no untoward results. The reaction should be quite normal, without areola or any kind of in- ! nammation, unless the person thus operated on is already suffering from latent disease. We have known cases where children were taken very ill subsequent to, but not in consequence of, vaccination. Where, for instance, hereditary latent syphilis is present in the child, the results observed, under such circumstances, after vac- cination may be of a fatal nature. Vaccination should not be blamed for that, because any other injury to the body would, under the same cir- cumstances, bring about the same result; for instance, a scratch with an ordinary needle or pin would cause a Syphilitic ulceration with pos- sible serious consequences. Remedies against such accidents are obvious. The distinguishing features of our prepara- tion are : (1) The lymph is unvarying in its re- liability. (2) It is always normal in its reaction. (3) It is pleasing in appearance and readily manipulated. (4) The tubes contain more vaccine than those usually sold at the same price. Opinions of a number of experienced Public Vaccinators and other medical men will be found on the following pages. Directions tor Use. To obtain good results with this Lymph, It Is im- portant to observe the following points. i.—Make scarifications or incisions, and not mere punc- tures, taking care to draw as little t>lood as possible, as it is desirable to bring the Vaccine Matter in contact with a larger surface than is afforded by a simple puncture. 2- —Be careful that the Vaccine penetrates well into the scarification. Success depends in a great measure upon this precaution. 3- —It is most essential that the lancet and the part operated upon be absolutely clean. The lancet-blade should be cleansed by passing it through the flame of a spirit-lamp before each vaccination, and the part to be operated upon should be cleansed with soap and water, and then rubbed over with alcohol or ether, but not with a disinfecting solution. 4. —Immediately after the Vaccine has been carefully rubbed into the scarification, a drop of Tegmine may be squeezed from the tube on to the lancet and with the flat blade carefully spread over the spot where the scarifica- tions have been made. For the first few days after the operation the inoculated part should not be touched, and baths or ablutions, etc., are not recommended. 5. —Keep the Lymph In a cool and dark place. 6. —Do not carry it about with you in your waistcoat or any other pocket where the vaccine is exposed to the body heat by contact. Special INotice. 1.—Hot, and especially variable, temperatures specially injure Vaccine. a.—Hot temperatures increase enormously the number of gertns in fluid Lymph other than that stored in glycerine. 3.—Glycerine will not destroy the extraneous bacteria in Lymph when stored at or below the freezing-point. 4-—Continued exposure of germs to low temperature, when constant, does not destroy their activity, and but slightly decreases their number. Eestlmontala. Messrs. REBMAN, LIMITED, have much pleasure In calling the attention of the Medical Profession to the letters attached hereto : Copy 0/ letter from Dr. Robertson, Medical Officer o> Health /or Leith. Public Health Office, 71, Constitution Street, Leith. .. April 1, igot. Messrs. REBMAN, LTD. Dear Sirs,—During the Glasgow outbreak of smallpox we adopted free vaccination in Paisley. Over 15tOOO vaccinations were per- formed with your lymph, and I know of no case where it failed, or where it produced ill