On the effect of migrations in disturbing local rates of mortality, as exemplified in the statistics of London and the surrounding country, for the years 1851-60 : being a paper read before the Institute of Actuaries / by Thomas A. Welton.

  • Welton, Thomas A. (Thomas Abercrombie), 1835-1918.
Date:
1871
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: On the effect of migrations in disturbing local rates of mortality, as exemplified in the statistics of London and the surrounding country, for the years 1851-60 : being a paper read before the Institute of Actuaries / by Thomas A. Welton. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by The Royal College of Surgeons of England. The original may be consulted at The Royal College of Surgeons of England.

    8/54 (page 4)
    Per Cent, on' ENGLien Kates. Eastern Counties compared wtli London. Ages. London, Eastern Counties. Males. Females. Males. Females. Males. Females. 0-5 5- 10- 15- 20- 25- 35- 45 and ) under 55 ) 115 114 93 93 94 110 131 137 116 109 82 74 76 88 105 119 86 94 96 104 92 81 74 92 111 115 113 101 93 84 — O 1 -28 + 1 + 3 + 10 - 18 -50 -63 — o4 -17 + 29 + 41 + 37 + 13 -12 -35 Anything more thoroughly contrasted cannot well be conceived, and it is no wonder if such results, so near the surface, have put me upon making a more extended inquiry. Characteristics of the Area of this Inquiry. The country extending about seventy or eighty miles round London is extremely free from peculiarities in the circumstances or occupations of its people. No manufactures of striking mag- nitude, no mines, no great seaports are to be met with in that wide circuit. The most remarkable features are the dockyard towns, Portsmouth and Chatham, the camp at Aldershot, the huge watering place, Brighton, and the two Universities. As for Ipswich, Reading, Maidstone, and places of the like character, such third or fourth-rate towns are naturally met with at a mode- rate distance from one another and from the capital, in fully peopled agricultural districts. Southampton, like Graveseud and Folkestone, owes much of its importance to the Metropolis, which may be said to have, within the district indicated, many depen- dencies but no rivals. The principal industry in the outlying parts of this great dis- trict is beyond comparison agriculture, and it is a matter of com- mon observation, not only that agriculture offers employment for but limited numbers of the female sex, but that recent improve- ments tend to diminish the number of male labourers required. It was therefore natural that in the ten years 1851-61, during which period the number of adult persons employed in agriculture in this country absolutely decreased, there should be a considerable migration from the agricultural districts surrounding the Metropolis; in the Eastern Counties, for example, where the