The water supply of barracks and cantonments / by G.K. Scott Moncrieff.

  • Moncrieff, G. K. Scott.
Date:
1896
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: The water supply of barracks and cantonments / by G.K. Scott Moncrieff. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine Library & Archives Service. The original may be consulted at London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine Library & Archives Service.

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    any mishap should occur, one can put the responsibility on the right person. The next step is the conveyance of the pipes from the foundry to the work, and it will be observed that much care and supervision is necessary to avoid fracture in transit. Cast iron is well known to be a most brittle substance, and all precautions should be taken during transit to prevent sudden blows, especially at the spigots, sockets or flanges. Sometimes Avrought-iron rings are shrunk on the spigots, and these have proved effective, especially in the cases of the carriage of pipes by sea, where, oAving to the rolling of the vessel, they are exposed to risks of damage. When pipes are fractured at the ends they may sometimes be cut to shorter lengths and used for jointed pieces, or in going round curves. When pipes have to be conveyed across a rough country the difficulties of transit are often very great, and special arrangements Avill often have to be made to suit local circumstances. If the roads are smooth and level the pipes may be conveyed in timber carts, from the axles of which the pipes are slung in chains. For crossing soft ground the tires of the Avheels may have to be made specially broad. It Avill fre- quently be cheaper to use Avrought-iron or steel pipes in preference to cast iron, where the pipes have to be taken over a rough country. The pipe trench is excavated Avith vertical sides to such a depth as Avill alloAV at least 3 feet of earth over the top of the main. The ground should be excavated on either side, so as to alloAV 6 or 9 inches between the pipes and the sides of the trench. For lead- jointed or flange pipes the trench should be enlarged, both in depth and in Avidth, so as to facilitate the Avork of the jointers. Care must be taken to set out these enlargements from the actual net measurements of the pipes to be laid. Sometimes it is Avell to excavate the entire trench sufficiently Avide to allow the jointers to work in it. The bottom of the trench must be set out and carefully dressed Avith a proper slope and alignment, so that the pipes may rest upon the original ground at a required slope Avith out any packing. In rocky ground a 6-inch bed of earth should be laid under the pipes, and in soft ground there must be artificial support. The pipes them- selves are loAvered into the trench either by a gyn or sheers. Sometimes two or three lengths can be laid together, the jointing being done above ground, but special care will have to be taken Avith the lowering of the lengths so jointed together. This method