Diseases of the chest, throat, and nasal cavities / by E. Fletcher Ingals.

  • Ingals, E. Fletcher (Ephraim Fletcher), 1848-1918.
Date:
1894
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Diseases of the chest, throat, and nasal cavities / by E. Fletcher Ingals. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by the Augustus C. Long Health Sciences Library at Columbia University and Columbia University Libraries/Information Services, through the Medical Heritage Library. The original may be consulted at the the Augustus C. Long Health Sciences Library at Columbia University and Columbia University.

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    to the healthy standard. There are many obstacles to the use of spiro- meters rendering them practically useless. For instance, it takes most persons some time to learn how to blow into one of these instruments. A patient may at one time expire only one hundred and fifty cubic Fig. 9.—Hammond's HjEMadynamometer. inches, and at another, without any change of health, two hundred cubic inches. Furthermore, women and men, the young and the old, all have different vital capacities, and it has not yet been possible to arrive at an accurate healthy standard. Hammond devised the hsemadynamometer, which he used for meas- uring the force of inspiration and expiration. He found that individ-