An investigation of the theories of the natural history of man, by Lawrence, Prichard, and others, founded upon animal analogies; and an outline of a new natural history of man, founded upon history, anatomy, physiology, and human analogies / [William Frederick Van Amringe].

  • Van Amringe, William Frederick.
Date:
1848
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: An investigation of the theories of the natural history of man, by Lawrence, Prichard, and others, founded upon animal analogies; and an outline of a new natural history of man, founded upon history, anatomy, physiology, and human analogies / [William Frederick Van Amringe]. Source: Wellcome Collection.

    17/740 (page 19)
    * synonymous. Meaning attached to them. Effects of domestication upon ani- mals extremely difficult to be known. Dr. Prichard’s statement. Wild types restored in America supposititious. But granted, and all conclusions founded on it, and what then? No physical change of men by civilization, proved. What is man, and what an animal. Difficulties of definitions arise from what cause. Infinite variety of organic life. Manisa psychical animal. Few in- stincts compensated by mind, Animals inferior in what. Reason may violate natural laws, instinct never. Superior to instinct, in what. To attribute psychical power to animals an error. Lawrence's opinion. The Mule on the Andes is no example. Impropriety of examples from single traits. The mind of Man not a single trait, but a combination of many, all equally necessary. What constitutes the mind not the question. Mind without brains. Lawrence refuted. The mind to be judged, zoologically, by manifestations. The Ele- phant, Fox, and Horse, compared with the Bee, the Ant, and the Spider. Marvellous stories of animals. Strong instance of apparent reason in the Bee. Definition and analysis of instinct. It is unimprovable. Altered by domesti- cation, but returns to types when set at liberty. Its limits. Example. In- stinct more perfect than abstract reason. Examples. Uniform, even in devi- ations, under all similar circumstances. Reason defined. Improvable. Ex- amples. Extension and expansion of. An additional sense, exclusively hu- man. Spallanzani’s experiments on Bats. Accounted for by Cuvier. Reason produces different modes of action in men. Comparison of the mechanical powers of men and animals. In what sense man is domestic, not explained by authors. Animals are not domesticated, but enslaved. Improvements by do- mestication are degenerations. Civilization produces improvement, not de- generation. Why. Man and animals analogous, in what. In classification the descending series give value to the ascending. Quotations from Lawrence. Importance of siight anatomical and functional differences. Dr. Prichard’s Psychological Characteristics of animals. Materialists. Man a Psychical Be- ing apart from eternity. Kings of Egypt returning to the living. ‘Man the type ofall nature. His improvemeats voluntary. Conclusion. CHAPTER IX. Tue Anatomical and Physiological structure and functions of the different races of Men are sufficient to constitute distinct species. . . . . 360 The comparative importance of Anatomy in different departments of Natu- rail History. Anatomy insufficient to class Man. Man is more than a mere enimal. His erect attitude is not a subject for boasting. The human mind 1s not disclosed by the knife to the materialist. Division of the human head. The Skull, The Face. The relation between them. The Forehead. The Facial Angle. Of little value to compare different species. But an approxi- ration to the truth in the same species. Size and proportional weight of the Brain of Men and Animals. Ratio of the Brain to the Nerves. Lawrence’s opinion of these theories. Sandy matter in the Pineal gland an evidence of virility. Universal rule sought, but not found. Method of Phrenologists. Division of the Skull into moral, intellectual, and animal properties and pro- pensities correct. ‘The foundation of Craniology. Exceptions. Craniological rules applicablé to one species may not apply to another. Example. The mass of brain 1s important, but not more than quality. Dr. Smith’s opinion. Operations of the Encephalos not understood. Order in complexity. Evidence that mass of brain is not all-important Function, what. The cause of func- tion is not the mind. The effect is. Childhood. Puberty. Manhood, Temperaments of the different species. Strenuous. Passive. Callous. Slug- gish. Insensibility of ail the dark races. The skin, different in the different races Rete mucosum, what it is, and how it modifies sensibility. Cutis. Conclusions from the facts. The matter which constitutes the Rete Mucosum \ ay eee