History of the cotton manufacture in Great Britain: with a notice of its early history in the East, and in all the quarters of the globe ... and a view of the present state of the manufacture / By Edward Baines, jun.

  • Edward Baines
Date:
[1835]
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: History of the cotton manufacture in Great Britain: with a notice of its early history in the East, and in all the quarters of the globe ... and a view of the present state of the manufacture / By Edward Baines, jun. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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    factories.—Factories Regulation Act of 1833.— Some of its provisions found to be impracticable.—State of morals in factories.-—Influence of masters.—Im- provements of which the factory system is susceptible.—Other classes of opera- tives in the manufacture.—Hand-Loom Weavers. Their deplorably low wages: hours of labour.—Tables shewing the decline of weavers’ wages at Bolton, Burnley, and Glasgow, from 1795 to 1833.—Occasions and immediate causes of the decline—historical review.—Permanent causes—1st. Easy nature of the employment; 2d. Less confining than factory labour; 3d. Surplus of labour—qualified and explained; 4th. The power-loom.—Proposed Boards of Trade to regulate wages — impracticable; proposed tax on power-looms — absurd. — Desirable to facilitate the abandonment of the hand-loom.— Evils and advantages of large towns.— Intelligence of the manufacturing classes 433 CHAPTER XVII. Critical period at which the Cotton Manufacture arose in England.—Vast exporta- tions of cottons.—National importance of the manufacture.—Inquiry whether England is likely to maintain her superiority in the manufacture.—Some advantages possessed over her by other countries: greatly overbalanced by the pre-eminent advantages of England, which remain unimpaired,-—No symptom of a decline, but the reverse.—Disadvantages of other countries where the manu- facture exists, compared with England.—The cotton manufacture of the United States : advantages and disadvantages of the Americans : they can compete with England only in plain and heavy goods.—Progress and extent of the American manufacture.—The cotton manufacture of France: great natural and political disadvantages of that country: alarm of the French spinners and manufacturers at the proposition to admit English goods under any rate of duty.—Slight and partial relaxation of the French tariff.—Statements shewing the comparative cost of cotton spinning and manufacturing in France and England.—French manufacture of bobbin-net.—Estimates of the value and extent of the cotton manufacture in France ; population engaged in it; their wages: imports of cotton- wool ; exports of cotton goods.—The cotton manufacture of Switzerland; of Belgium ; of Prussia, Austria, Saxony, and Lombardy ; of Hindoostan.—Inquiry into the policy of allowing the exportation of cotton yarn: reasons against it; answered: the exportation shewn to be desirable.-—Concluding remarks on the cotton manufacture, as a source of prosperity to England, and as a main support of her universal commerce; the moral advantages which that commerce may be the means of imparting to other nations 503 APPENDIX. On the Byssus of the Ancients 533 On the Mummy Cloth of Egypt; with observations on some Manufactures of the Ancients. By James Thomson, Esq., F.R. S. (illustrated with a Micro- scopic View of the Fibres of Cotton arid Flax 534
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