Chinese woodcut: Various abscesses

Woodcut illustrating the 17th century text Xu Ping waike zhengzong (Orthodox Manual of External Medicine with Commentary by Xu Dachun), from an edition published in 1860 (10th year of the Xianfeng reign period of the Qing dynasty).

Right-hand illustration:

The illustration shows the disease location for tounao ju (head-penetrating abscess), qipi (Qi addiction), yin yong (Yin abscess), xuanju (profound abscess), dang ju (crotch abscess) and yaogu ju (bone-eating abscess). Tounao ju are found in an area extending forwards from the baihui (Hundred Meetings) point to congmen (Chimney Portal). Qipi are found in the umbilical area. Yinyong or yinju (Yin abscesses) are found in the crease of the right thigh, and are shaped like clams. Xuanju are found in the crease of the left thigh, and likewise resemble clams. Dang ju are found on the external genitalia. Yaogu ju, which is analogous to suppurative osteomyelitis, occurs on the inside of the thigh.

Left-hand illustration:

The illustration shows the disease location for bi ding (nasal boils). These occur inside the nostrils.

RIGHT-HAND ILLUSTRATION: Tounao ju (head-penetrating abscess); qipi (Qi addiction); yin yong (Yin abscess); xuanju (obscure abscess); dang ju (crotch abscess); yaogu ju (bone-eating abscess). LEFT-HAND ILLUSTRATION: Bi ding (nasal boils). As the poison congeals, they become hard and swollen. When they fester, they are foul and vile-smelling.