Leukaemia cytogenetics / H. Jackson Woodliff.

  • Woodliff, H. Jackson.
Date:
1971
Catalogue details

Licence: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)

Credit: Leukaemia cytogenetics / H. Jackson Woodliff. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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    86 LEUKAEMIA CYTOGENETICS Classification The lymphomas are usually classified on histological grounds and this correlates to some extent with the clinical features of the disorders. Attempts to correlate cytogenetic findings and histolo¬ gical classifications are considered here. Follicular lymphoma.—An increase in aneuploidy in the peri¬ pheral blood cultures was noted in two of three patients studied in our laboratory (Woodliff, 19690). Abnormal karyotypes have been described in the lymph node material from several cases; hyper- diploidy with an extra G and F chromosome and cells in a near tetraploid range have been found by Spiers and Baikie (1966, 1968ö). These findings are not specific for this type but it was noted that a follicular lymphoma of the reticulum cell type contained tetraploid cells as did two of their cases of reticular cell sarcoma; this suggests an association between tetraploidy and mahgnant reticulum cells. Lymphosarcoma.—An increase in aneuploidy and other changes, including in some cases an abnormal cell line, may be found in the peripheral blood (Hayhoe and Hammouda, 1965; Woodliff, 1969è). Circulating lymphosarcoma cells were present in Hayhoe's patient and the abnormal karyotypes were hyperdiploid. Bone marrow studies have demonstrated both hypodiploidy (Tjio et ah, 1963 ; Spiers and Baikie, 1968û) and hyperdiploidy (Sandberg et al, 1964c) and lymph node has revealed hypodiploid, hyperdiploid and near tetraploid cell lines. The changes were due to alteration of morphologically normal chromosomes and the presence of marker chromosomes, including fragments (Tjio et ah, 1963 ; Spiers and Baikie, 1966, 1968а). Burkitt's lymphoma.—This special type of lymphosarcoma occurs more particularly in geographically defined regions of Africa and in a younger age group; it is of particular cytogenetic interest because a viral aetiology is strongly favoured by some. Blood and bone marrow studies may reveal no abnormality and lymph node preparations are preferred (Jacobs et al., \9вЪЬ). These may also be normal but a large variety of abnormalities have now been described, including the presence of hyperdiploid or tetraploid cell lines, the presence of marker chromosomes in both aneuploid and pseudodiploid cells. All chromosome groups may be involved but A2 seems to be more often mentioned and С group chromo¬ somes may show marked secondary constrictions. This is con¬ sidered by some to be a viral effect (Saksela and Moorhead, 1962;