The chemical pocket-book, or Memoranda chemica : arranged in a compendium of chemistry : with tables of attractions, &c. Calculated as well for the occasional reference of the professional student, as to supply others with a general knowledge of chemistry / by James Parkinson ; with the latest discoveries ; from the London second edition of 1801 ; to which is added an appendix, containing the principal objections to the antiphlogistic system of chemistry / by James Woodhouse, M.D. ... ; embellished with copperplates.

  • Parkinson, James, 1755-1824.
Date:
1802
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: The chemical pocket-book, or Memoranda chemica : arranged in a compendium of chemistry : with tables of attractions, &c. Calculated as well for the occasional reference of the professional student, as to supply others with a general knowledge of chemistry / by James Parkinson ; with the latest discoveries ; from the London second edition of 1801 ; to which is added an appendix, containing the principal objections to the antiphlogistic system of chemistry / by James Woodhouse, M.D. ... ; embellished with copperplates. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by the National Library of Medicine (U.S.), through the Medical Heritage Library. The original may be consulted at the National Library of Medicine (U.S.)

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    trie acid. This on its formation meeting with fome earthy or alkaline bafe, inftead of efcaping, becomes fixed in a neutral fait. Nitrate of pot-afh cryftallires in hollow ftria- ted hex*hedral prifms, terminating in hex ahedral pyramids. It yields a pungent tafte, and imprefTes the fenfation ofcold- nefs on the tongue. It is ibluble in 7 parts of cold and x of hot water. By diftillation, it yields 12000 cubit inches of oxygen gas for every pound of nitre, cauftic or pure al. kali being left behind. Thrown on burning coals it yields a white flame, and fufes at a moderate heat, from the wa- ter of cryitallization it contains. If f 11 fed until its water •of crystallization is difTipated, and caft into moulds, it be- comes what is called cryfial mineral, or falprunel. Mixed •with an equal quantity of fulphur, and fufed in a red hot crucible, the fubftance called falfolycrefi is formed. Charcoal at the temperature of ignition totally decompofej the nitric acid. Nitrate of pot-am and charcoal therefore being mixed in a ftate of ignition, this decompofition takes place with detonation. This experiment being made by detonating 1 part of charcoal and 3 of nitre, in a proper veffel, the nitric acid difappears; the carbon takes from it oxygen, forming the carbonic acid, part of which is found in the form of gas, and the other part is united to the pot- afh of the nitre, forming a carbonate of pot-afh, which re- mains, and was formerly called fixed nitre, and in a ftate of folution in water, liquid fixed nitre, or Glaubers uni- merfal alkahefi: the acidifiable bafe or the nitrogen forming a nitrogen gas. The above process being performed in clofe vefTels, a li- quor diftiis, which is fametimes impregnated with nitrout acid and ammoniac, and has been called clyjfus of nitre; car- bonate of pot-afh remaining in the retort, in confequence of the oxygen combining with the inflammable body, by which an acid is formed, which uniting with the pot-afh of the ni- trate, forms a new neutral fait. 100 grains of nitrate of pot-afh is found to contain 30 of acids, 63 of pot-afh, and 7 of water; and a mixture in this proportion, will, on e- vaporation, yield cryflals of the pureft nitre, formerly call- ed regenerated nitre Acidulous Nitrate of Pot-ash, or Nitrated Nitre, is formed, if the nitric acid be employed beyond the point of faturation. Gunpowder is formed of 75 parts ( f nitre, 16 of char- coal, and 9 or 10 of fulphur. The fulphur renders it more readily ignited. Thefe ingredients, duly moiftened, are