On hæmatoporphyrin as a urinary pigment in disease / by Archibald E. Garrod.

  • Garrod, Archibald E. (Archibald Edward), Sir, 1857-1936.
Date:
1892
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: On hæmatoporphyrin as a urinary pigment in disease / by Archibald E. Garrod. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by The University of Glasgow Library. The original may be consulted at The University of Glasgow Library.

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    picked out, as hfematoporphyrin is, by the selective action of the alka- line hydrate and earthy phosphate. The urme of healthy individuals, when examined by the soda method, was usually found to contain mmute traces of htematoporphyrm, so minute that the acid bands were only just, visible in a concentrated extract, and could sometimes only be seen with a direct vision spectro- scope of small dispersive power. Nevertheless, from three such urmes, extracts were obtained which, on the addition of ammonia, showed the characteristic alkaUne spectrum, so that in these cases, at any rate, the pigment was shown to be of the same nature as that which is frequently present in larger quantities in morbid urmes. In the absence of any method for estimating the amount of haemato- porphyrin in urme, it will be cUfficult to convey on paper any very satisfactory notion of the quantities present in the different specimens, although experience enables one to form, in one's own mmd at least, a rough estimate of the richness of any particular specimen. Before proceeding to discuss the results, it wHl be well to refer to the various conditions under which haematoporphyrin or alhed pigments have been met with iu urine by previous observers. MacMunn first detected the pigment to which he has assigned the name of urohaematoporphyrin in the urine of a patient suffering from acute rheumatism, and he afterwards found that it was almost constantly present in that disease. He also met with it in cases of Addison's disease, pericarditis, paroxysmal hsemoglobinuria (between the paroxysms), measles, meningitis, Hodgldn's disease, and enteric fever, and a pigment intermediate between uroh£ematoporphyrin and hsematoporphynn m a case of exophthalmic goitre. Le Nobel has found a similar pigment in cases of rheumatism, lobar pneumonia, and cirrhosis hepatis. Neusser found h^matopOTphyrin in the urine of tWo patients suffering from phthisis pulmonahs and pleurisy respectively; whHst Baumstark obtained a pigment (urorubrohcnematm), presenting considerable resemblances to haematoporphyrin, from that of a leprous patient. In cases recorded by Stockvis, Eanking and Pardington, Salkowski and Hammarsten, pigments closely resembling or identical with haemato- porphyrin were found in large amounts hi the claret-coloured urme of female patients who presented obscure nervous symptoms, or who had recently taken sulphonal in large doses. The cases embodied in the annexed tables have been arranged under three headmgs: Firstly, those in which the alcohohc extracts contamed enough of the pigment to show both the acid and the alkaline spectra, and in many of which the neutral spectrum, or the spectrum with zinc chloride and ammonia, or both' of these, were also observed. In the various cases included in this group the pigment was present in very different amounts, the bands of the alkaUne spectrum being in some instances only just visible, whilst in others they were very intense.