Studies upon injuries of the kidney, nephrolithotomy and nephrorraphy / by Aug. Schachner.

  • Schachner, August, 1865-1941.
Date:
[1892]
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Studies upon injuries of the kidney, nephrolithotomy and nephrorraphy / by Aug. Schachner. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by The Royal College of Surgeons of England. The original may be consulted at The Royal College of Surgeons of England.

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    The text of this article is based upon an analysis of the present literature upon the subject, together with a few obser- vations drawn from the post-mortem table and a moderate amount of experimental investigation. It was my intention to have dwelt upon nephrolithotomy and nephrorrhaphy as thoroughly as upon the injuries of the kidney but time and space defeated this end. This is all the more to be regretted since certain sections, especially upon nephrolithotomy, are perhaps of the greatest moment to the surgeon. The original intent was not only altered in this respect, but it became necessary for the same reason to at least tempo- rarily abandon a series of experiments embodying some pos- sible improvements upon a subject closely related to the one under consideration. In carrying out these experimental operations due regard was attached to cleanliness. The operative field was thor- oughly scrubbed with soap and warm water and finally irri- gated with a sublimate (1x1500) or a carbolized solution. Throughout the operation the neighboring space was care- fully protected with towels wrung from a warm sublimate solution. Where irrigation was resorted to within the cavity, either warm Thiersch's solution or boiled water was employed. The animals were selected irrespective of their size or condition and submitted to no preliminary preparation other than ansesthetization. For the latter purpose both ether and chloroform were em- ployed. The former was invariably employed to commence the anaesthesia, which was afterward continued with chloroform cautiously administered. The animals were fed upon finely chopped meat or upon milk. However slight the operation may have been, they ate little or nothing, as a rule, upon the following day. Unless otherwise indicated, the kidneys were exposed through an incision made into the loin commencing immedi- ately below the ribs, running parallel with and a short distance from the spine. While such an incision afforded an admirable access to the kidney, it was nevertheless far from being as