An elementary compendium of physiology; for the use of students / By F. Magendie ; Translated from the French, with copious notes, tables and illustrations by E. Milligan.

  • Magendie, François, 1783-1855.
Date:
1826
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: An elementary compendium of physiology; for the use of students / By F. Magendie ; Translated from the French, with copious notes, tables and illustrations by E. Milligan. Source: Wellcome Collection.

    637/668 (page 601)
    TABLE IV.—MEN. 1. CELTO-SCYTII-ARABIANS. 2. MONGOLS. 3. ETHIOPIANS. 4. EURO-AFRICANS. 5. AUSTRO-AFRICANS. G. MALAYS, or OCEANIANS. PAPOOS. Hair smooth, silkv) ))lentlful; facial angle open ; incisor teeth ver- tical; cheeks not projecting or large ; skin and hair varying from black to white, according to the climate. Inhabit all Europe, but less its central polar countries; Asia to the Ganges, and to the sources of the Irtish ; the Atlantic region of Africa, Egypt, and Abyssinia. Hair smooth, but stiff and thin ; beard thin; eye small, raised ob¬ liquely backwards ; cheeks projecting, incisors vertical; skin yellow, and hair black, colour invariable under all climates ; marriage precocious. Hair woolly; cranium compressed; forehead depressed ; nose flattened; facial part of the intermaxillaiy bone and chin obliquely inclined upon one another, as also the incisors; skin and hair black under all climates. Hair woolly ; skin black ; cranium less compressed than in the Ethiopi¬ ans; and foi’ehead almost as projecting as in Europeans ; incisors vertical; nose little depressed. Commonly designated, negroes of Mozambique. Hair woolly, and the bones of the nose usually in one single scaly plate, as in JMakas, and much more flat and broad than in other Afri¬ cans ; olecranian cavity of the humerus perforated by a hole; incisors and chin much more oblique than in Plthiopians. Skin yellow bistre. Cranium conformable to that of Europeans; cheeks a little larger ; teeth quite alike, hairs smooth and black, skin olive, or brown, in the same climate where the Arab Indian is as black as the negro. The shores of Indian China, all the Asiatic Archipelago, and Oceanica to Madagascar. X. B. The French geographer Malte-Brun, has been pleased to denominate the South Sea Islands Oceanica^ subdividing again into North West, Central, and Eastern Oceanica. The latter is Polynesia, and extends from the Ladrones to Easter Island and Owyhee.—Tr. Almost negro ; hair black, half woolly, very tough, naturally curl¬ ing ; beard black and thin; physiognomy between the black and the Malay ; but with teeth somewhat prominent; nasal opening wider still than in the natives of Guinea. Colour quite black, cranium compressed and depressed ; hair short, very woolly, and curled ; nose flat to the root, and very broad ; lips thick; facial angle very acute; on the whole, closely approaching the negroes of Guinea. New Guinea, Archipelago del Espiritu Santo, or New Hebrides, Andaman isles, Formosa. Hair smooth, black ; beard and hair thin; limbs slender, and of a length disproportionate to the body; teeth vertical, nose very broad ; forehead depressed and compressed. Head elongated; nose long, projecting, and strongly aquiline; forehead compressed and flattened ; considerable height of the jaws; red copper colour, in all climates ; hairs black, never becoming gray ; beard thin ; forehead more depressed than with the Mongols; nubility precocious; imagination lively and strong; moral character energetic. These characters belong chiefly to the people of North America, and the table lands of the Cordilleras, as far as Cumana. Head generally spherical, forehead broad, but depressed as in the Mon¬ gols ; superciliary arches pi'ojecting outwards ; cheeks prominent; nose flat and depressed at the root; hairs long, thick, rigid, and straight; skin neither black nor yellow, nor copper-coloured ; lips very thick, understanding generally obtuse, and moral character extremely debased. * COI UMBUS havin'^ discovered tlie Lucayan or Bahama islands, and AMERICUS the coast of Cumana; we have ven¬ tured from these cirrumstances, to employ the alx)ve two denominations, which are indeetl only provisional, as that of African for the negroes. There is no doubt that the Columbians, and still more the Americans, are each again divisible into several si'iecies, a.” different between themselves as those of Africa. 8. OCEANIAN NEGROES. 9. AUSTRALIANS. 10. COLUMBIANS.* II. AMERICANS. 1. Cells, Black hair, primitive inhabitants of Europe to the west of the Rhine and the Alps, to the ocean and its isles. 2. Scythians, white hair. Central Europe, Asia to the sources of the Irtish ; Mountains of Belur and Himalayali. 3. Jlrabians, hair always black. Atlantic Africa, and Asia to the south of Caucasus, as far a-s the Ganges. 4. Atlantians. Olecranianyji.wa of the humerus pierced as in the South African ; hair black, chesnut, and fair. Guanches, an ancient people of the Canaries. squimaux, &c. ; Separated Greenland, the polar coasts of Europe and America, under the name of Laplanders, all Asia to the east of the Ganges, of the mountains of Belur, and the Irtish Africa, from the Senegal, the Niger, and the Bahr-el-Azrek, to within a litt from the Euro-Africans by a chain of high mountains running parallel to the ^arsftere mi • • 1 The eastern coast of Africa, upon the Indian ocean. Africa beyond the southern tropic, less the part corresponding to the easter^cbast;j' 1. Hottentots, Boschie7nans, Betjuanas, &c. ■ ^ / ‘i,^Malegaches, (aborigines of the island), on the eastern coast of Madaggscftfj hair slw&t andiwoofly ;/colour of skin deep copper; orbits wider than in the negro. ^ *•- ■» < I , j 1. Carolinians^ or natives of New Philippine Islands (Lat. 7^. N. Long. 145^ K.), fopirrn:egularlj^4i^ J shape moi’e full and elevated than the middle of Europe ; character mild, quick apprehen^n. * 2. Doyahs and Beadjus of Borneo, and several of the Harraforas of the IMolikyjas; j^^^'kim^q^ihe IMalays. 3. Javanese, Sumatrians, I'imorians, and Malays of the rest of the Indian Ar^hftjiSSgo J li?* generally large, nose flat, cheeks projecting ; shape smaller than the middle of Europe. Character pe]?&4i©««-^M ferocious. 4. Polynesians, properly so called ; generally tall like the Carolinians, but with visage of Javanese, Sumatrians, &c. 5. Hovas of JMadagascar, inhabiting the Zone between the eastern shore and the mountains; ordinarj' size five feet ten or eleven inches ; colour bright olive; orbits large and square ; chin a long transverse oval; nose almost European. Inhabit the little Islands around New Guinea, Waigioo, and New Guinea. Have peopled, or people still, the north of the western Oceanica, some small archipelagos of Polynesia, a great part of the Indian Archipelago, and some countries of Indian China, and the adjacent islands. 1. Mays, or Moyes, ol the mountains of Cochinchlna; Samang, Dayak, &c. of the mountains of Malacca; peopling also the interior of Formosa, the Archipelago of Andaman, and anciently the south of the isle of Niphon, according to the Japanese history. 2. The interior of Borneo, and of some of the Philippine Islands, the interior of the Celebes, and some of the Molucca, anciently the interior of the isle of Java, according to Japanese history. 3. They people exclusively, in Australasia, New Caledonia, the Archipelago del Espiritu Santo, or New Hebrides, and Van Dieman’s land, where they have a length and meagreness of limb disproportioned to the body, as in the semno-pithecas, in the genus Guenon. 4. The Vinzimbars of tin; mountains of Madagascar, an island of which the animal population is equally related to the system of organization of Oceanica. New Holland. Tchutkis, of the north-eastern extremity of Asia; the Columbians occupy the whole of North America, all the table lands and declivities of the Cordilleras, from Chili to Cumana, and the Caribbean Archipelago included. 'anis, Coroados, Paris, Atures, Ottomacs, &c. prominent belly, breast hair)’, beard plentiful; 1 of the Spaniards; skin of a very dark, dirty, bistre colour ; mind Indolent, improvident; head 1. Omaguas, Guarayiis, size under the medium of a volume disproportionate to the body; flattened at the top, sunk between the shoulders ; all South America, to the south of the Amazon and Orinoco rivers, to the east of the Andes, and of La Plata. The Guaranis and Coroa¬ dos are without beard and without hair upon the breast. 2. Botocudes, skin clear brown, sometimes almost white ; Guiacas, of a very small size ; skin almost white, dwelling near the soui'ces of the Orinoco, under the Equator. 3. Mbayas, Charruas, &c. skin of a brown and all but black colour, without a shade of red ; forehead and physio®-- nomy open ; nose narrow, depressed at the root; eyes small and confined ; teeth vertical, hair long, black, and rigid ; feet and hands small in proportion, and better made than in the Spaniards; size larger than the Spaniards; inhabit Paraguay. 4. The Puelches and the Tchvellets, or Patagonians, on the south of I^a Plata, as far as the straits of Magellan ; above 5 feet 11 ^ inches English ; hair long ; constitution void of any analogy to that of the preceding species. riwefii g,2e above b teet ll^ incnes Jiriigiisn ; nair long ; constitution void ot any analogy to that of the preceding species. fnns of the north of America end Greenland, namely, the Esqimaux, the Tchoupratches, the Konias, &c. speak languages of which the grammatical forms are similar to those of the Mexicans, Peruvians, Araucanians, &c.; the same forms 'urone and in Congo in Africa. (The ftite name is •• MOSGUL, w/jence the ling/isl, MOGUL.” See Addon's Mithridates, 1. \\ Tr.) olhera analogous, it results, that the resemblances and the differences ot languages, which decide always the identity and the difference of nations, cannot characterise the siiecics. N. B. The Mongol nat are found in Biscay in Europe From these facts, and others analogous. See Etlmographic Atlas of the Globe, by M. Adrien Balbi.