Physiology and pathology of the urine : with methods for its examination / by J. Dixon Mann.

  • Mann, J. Dixon (John Dixon), 1840-1912.
Date:
1913
Catalogue details

Licence: In copyright

Credit: Physiology and pathology of the urine : with methods for its examination / by J. Dixon Mann. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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    small amount. Meissner1 places it among the constituents of normal urine ; this is not generally accepted. Salkowski 2 failed to obtain any evidence of the presence of succinic acid in urine. Glycerinphosphoric acid (C3II5(OH)3(H2PO|) isthe chief constituent of lecithin, and some investigators have assumed that the acid does not appear as such in the urine, but as lecithin. Glycerinphosphoric acid is one of the substances which, along with nucleinic acid in protein combination, represents the organically combined phos- phoric acid of urine. In some pathological conditions comprising certain forms of hepatic disease, especially when accompanied by fatty changes, in jaundice due to complete blocking of the bile ducts, in some fevers, and in phthisis, it has been found in the urine in increased amount. In normal urine it does not exceed one per cent, of the inorganic phosphoric acid, and under pathological conditions it does not exceed 4, per cent. Sulphocyanogen (IIS-ON) in small amount is present in human urine—from 3 mgrms. (Bruylants 3) to 1 decigrm. (Munk 4) of potas- sium sulphocyanide have been found in the litre. The sulphur which enters into the composition of this salt constitutes one of the chief sources of the neutral sulphur of urine. In rabbits the sub- cutaneous injection of sodium sulphocyanide caused a considerable increase in the excretion of sulphur and of nitrogen (Treupel and Edinger 5); but Poliak 6 found that when the same salt is given to human beings, either subcutaneously or by the mouth, it can all be recovered from the urine, showing that the liver has no power to decompose it. The inhalation of carbon bisulphide enormously increases the excretion of potassium sulphocyanide. Willianen7 administered glycocoll, adenin, and creatinin to rabbits which under normal conditions excrete no trace of sulphocyanogen, and obtained distinct evidence of its presence in the urine. He considers that the amino acids, and the other substances which by oxidation or by cleavage yield hydrocyanic acid, are the source of sulphocyanogen in the organism. The detection of the sulphocyanide is best accomplished by Munk’s method: 200 c.c. of urine are acidified with nitric acid and then precipitated with silver nitrate ; the precipitate is decomposed by sulphuretted hydrogen and the filtrato is distilled, The distillate is treated with a little solution of ferrous sulphate which contains a 1 Untemueh. ilber il. Entstehung d. Tlippursailre, 1866. 2 Pfiiiger’s Arch., 1871. 3 Evil. d. I'Acad, do mid. Eelg., 1888. 4 Deutsche mcd. Woehensohr., 1876. 6 Ibid., 1900. 6 Hofmeister’a Edtrdge z. chem. Physiol., 1902. 7 Biuclicm. Zeitsehr., 1906.