The battle at Issus in 333 BC: Alexander the Great of Macedonia is chasing the fleeing Darius III. Coloured etching.

Darius III, called Codomannus (380?-330 BC), king of Persia (336-330), great grandson of Darius II. In the course of his six year reign Darius III led the Persian army against the forces of Alexander the Great of Macedonia but was defeated at the battles at Issus in 333 BC and Gaugamela in 331. He was killed by one of his own satraps while fleeing from Gaugamela