The Edinburgh new dispensatory ... Illustrated and explained in the language and according to the principles of modern chemistry. With ... tables and several copper-plates, explaining the new system of chemical characters.

  • Duncan, Andrew, Jun., 1773-1832.
Date:
1803
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: The Edinburgh new dispensatory ... Illustrated and explained in the language and according to the principles of modern chemistry. With ... tables and several copper-plates, explaining the new system of chemical characters. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by The University of Glasgow Library. The original may be consulted at The University of Glasgow Library.

    54/734 (page 36)
    and with metallic oxides plotters. They are not foluble in water pr in alcohol. 236. They unite readily with oxygen, which renders them Concrefcible. Thofe oils,which dry without lofing their tranf- parency, as 1,infeed oil, are termed drying oils, in contradiflintlion to th,e fat oils which from expofure become white, opaque and thick, and remain greafy, fuch as oil of olives or of almonds. When they become rancid, they undergo a farther degree of de- composition, and are found to contain febacic acid. 237. Oil in the ftate of vapour is inflammable, and burns with a white flame. When the combukion is complete, the products are carbonic acid gas and water, but in general foot is depofited. 238. The fulphuric acid renders the fixed oils brown and thiclc, and converts them into water and charcoal. The nitric acid oxy- genizes them. The oxygenized muriatic acid blanches them, and renders them concrete like tallow or wax. The oils oxidize fe- veral of the metals, and are Oxidized by feveral of their oxides. 239. f rom LaYoiiier’s experiment on the combuflion of olive oil, its conflituent .principles were eflimated at 79 charcoal and £ i hydrogen; but by correction they appear to be 50.39 carbon, 20.23 hydrogen, and 29.38 oxygen. 240. Fat and tallow fcarcely differ from the fixed oils, except in being more concrete and more difpofed to rancidity. Fat melts between 92° and 127°. Tallow is hill lefs fufible. They cannot be converted into yapour without fullering decompofition, and, when melted, leave, like oil, a greafy flain on paper, 241. Wax is a folid, of confiderable confidence, granulated and crykalline in its frafture, of a white colour, and without any re- markable odour or take. It foftens and becomes plaftic when very {lightly heated ; at 450 it melts ; at a higher temperature it is in part vaporized and deCompofed, and its vapour is inflammable. It refills in a remarkable degree the a&ipn of the* acids; but in mofl of its other properties it refembles the fixed oils. From its combuflion it appears to confifl of carbon 53.12, hydrogen 16.91, and oxygen 29.97; or, according to the former calculation, of 82.28 charcoal, and 1-7.7 z hydrogen. 242. Spermaceti may be obtained cryflallized in white argen- tine plates, of an un&uous feel and take, and a vapid fiiiell. It melts between 910 and 95and'ae*a higher temperature may be fublimed almoft unchanged. Its vapour is inflammable, and its .flame is bright, clear and without finell. By expofure to air it becomes rancid. It is foluble, efpecially by the affikance of heat, in alcohol and in ether. In its other properties it agrees wuth the fixed oils, with which ?t unites very readily by faflon. Mufciilar flefh by lohg maceration in water is converted into a fubkance very analogous to fpermaceti, but more fufible, melting at'82c.; and biliarv calculi often confiff of another, which is much lefs fu- fible,