Disposal and purification of factory wastes or manufacturing sewage / by H. W. Clark.

Date:
1910
Catalogue details

Licence: In copyright

Credit: Disposal and purification of factory wastes or manufacturing sewage / by H. W. Clark. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine Library & Archives Service. The original may be consulted at London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine Library & Archives Service.

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    Average Analysis of Waste as Received. [Parts per 100,000.] Solids. Ammonia. Nitbogen as — Color. ALBUMINOID. Oxygen Con- Total. Loss on Ignition. Fixed. Free. Total. In So- lution. Nitrates. ■ Nitrites. sumed. 338.0 142.7 195.3 - .3452 .6727 .5055 - 42.57 Average Analysis of Waste applied to Filter No. 374. 247.4 99.3 148.1 - .1275 4517 .3063 1 ■ i - ! 21.83 Average Analysis of Effluent from Filter NTo. 374. - 1 - .79 . 1850 .0891 - 1 .02 .0002 2.12 Waste Liquors from Dyeing, Bleaching and Mercerizing Cotton Yarn. Upon investigation at the plant where these processes were carried on it was found that the total amount of waste water discharged was about 60,000 gallons per twenty-four hours. Of this total, about 25,000 gal- lons represented the worst of the wastes, namely, (1) water in which the yarn was boiled with soda ash; (2) spent heavy dye liquor; (3) heavy rinse water from dyeing; (4) hot rinse water after mercerizing; (5) hot soap bath after bleaching; and (6) cold rinse after the soap bath. A composite waste, representing a combination of these six wastes in the right proportions, was used in the experiments. Two filters (Nos. 318 and 319) were put into operation at the station and to them the average waste was applied. Each filter contained 3 feet in depth of sand of an effective size of 0.25 millimeter and was operated at the rate of 50,000 gallons per acre daily7-. Filter No. 318 receiving the super- natant waste after sedimentation and Filter No. 319 the supernatant waste after treatment with chemical precipitants. The average waste was brown in color, very turbid, and but a small portion of the matters in suspension settled readily. The effluent from Filter No. 318 was straw-colored and had but slight odor. This filter removed 56, 87 and 90 per cent, of the organic matter in the applied waste, as shown by loss on ignition, albuminoid ammonia and oxygen consumed determinations, respectively. The effluent from Filter No. 319 was of slightly better