Disposal and purification of factory wastes or manufacturing sewage / by H. W. Clark.

Date:
1910
Catalogue details

Licence: In copyright

Credit: Disposal and purification of factory wastes or manufacturing sewage / by H. W. Clark. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine Library & Archives Service. The original may be consulted at London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine Library & Archives Service.

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    clear, and the sediment was as stable as the characteristic sediment of all good trickling filters. The average analysis of the effluent from this filter was as follows: — [Parts per 100,000.] Ammonia. Nitrogen as — Oxygen Consumed. Color. Free. Albuminoid. Nitrates. Nitrites. 1.18 1.48 .39 2.54 .085 4.27 In June the effluent from this filter was applied to a sand filter 3*4 feet in depth and operated at a rate of 150,000 gallons per acre daily. This latter filter produced an effluent with the following average analysis: — [Parts per 100,000.] Color. Ammonia. Nitrogen as — Oxygen Consumed. Free. Albuminoid. Nitrates. Nitrites. 0.61 0.48 .10 3.60 .029 0.92 All these filters were kept in operation without difficulty and were in good condition at the end of the experiment. The matter in sus- pension separated more easily in warm weather than during the colder portion of the year, but during the entire period of operation the filters did not cease to give good nitrification. Waste Liquors from Scouring and Washing W'ool. The liquor resulting from scouring and washing wool by the old- fashioned methods, which are still quite common in Massachusetts mills, is large in volume and exceedingly rich in mineral and organic matters, both in solution and suspension, and of a nature not readily acted upon by the bacterial agencies of putrefaction, decomposition and nitrification. Since 1895 studies have been made by the Board of the wastes from a number of large plants where this work is carried on. Many measure- ments of the volume of water used per gallon of wool scoured and washed have been made, and also many estimates of the amount of dirt contained in these liquors. Some of these measurements follow. The differences are due either to the varying quality of wool washed or to variations in the manner of operation, depending upon the degree of cleanliness required of the wool.