Adversaria medico-philologica. Pt. XIII.

  • Greenhill, William Alexander, 1814-1894.
Date:
[1872]
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Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Adversaria medico-philologica. Pt. XIII. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by The Royal College of Surgeons of England. The original may be consulted at The Royal College of Surgeons of England.

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    bpunratdlu) (Lat., dropaco), to apply a pitch-plaster, sometimes as a depilatory,1 sometimes as a counter-irritant2 3 4. bponasiros, of the nature of a pitch-plaster} bpiorraKiir/xos, the application of a pitch-plaster,* as a counter- irritant.5 bpunraKiaros, of the nature of a pitch-plaster,6 * used aB a counter- irritant for the purpose of producing plumpness. (See Ap<5jra£.)7 buvapepov, a medical formulary, or collection of medical receipts.8 bvvapis, faculty (Lat., facultas), the power of performing any function or action (evepyeinr),9 in which sense the word 4'VX,I was sometimes used as synonymous with it.10 The ancient physiologists for the most part considered that there were three faculties con- cerned in the production and management of an animal, 5<5oi-, viz. (1) the natural, tyvam’i (called also entOupprirt), or OpevriKt)), connected with the liver and veins, and necessary for thg proper nourishment of the body; (2) the vital, ZuinKi) (called also Ovpoeibps), connected with the heart and arteries, and necessary for the maintenance of heat in the body; aud (3) the animal, (called also \oy«ic»/), connected with the brain and nerves, and necessary for the supply of sensation and motion.11 The natural faculties, ipvmvai bwapeis, common to all parts of the body, but especially observable in the stomach, were considered to be four, viz. (1) the attractive, e\*.rucij; (2) the retentive, KaOeKnm); (3) the assimilative, aWoiwriu’i; and (4) the expulsive, anoKpinm'i.12 These points are mentioned in various parts of Galen’s works,13 and especially in his treatise ‘ De Natura- libus Facultatibusand the different uses of the word faculty adopted by modern physiologists may be found in Castell’s and other lexicons. TllC phrases aiparowoiririK^ bvvapts,u weimo) bbvapis, and a<pvypiKi) 1 As in Lucian, ‘ Demon.,’ § 50. * Leo, * Consp. Medic.,’ ii, 15, in Erraerins, ‘ Anecd. Med. Gr., p. 121. 3 Alexander Trallianus, viii, 5, p. -120,1. 25, ed. Basil. The text has SpwnaKiov, but this is probably a typographical mistake for SpwnaKivov. 4 Dioscorides, ‘ De Venen. Aniin.,’ c. 3, tom. ii, p. 65, 1. pen.; Coelins Aure- lianus, ‘ Morb. Chron.,’ iv, 1, p. 192, 1. 1, cd. Amman; .Theophanes Nonnus, * Curat. Morb.,’ c. 210, tom. ii, p. 170, 1. antep., ed. Bernard, where the word is written lpo7raKiopt>c. 5 Not iu Dioscorides ns a depilatory. (See Liddell and Scott.) 4 Galen, ‘Comment, iu lUppocr. De OJfic.Med.,’ iii, 33, tom. xviii b, p. 894,1. 12. ‘ Not in Oaten as a depilatory. (See Liddell and Scott.) • Leo, ‘ Consp. Medic.,’ iv, 1, 11, in Ermerins, ‘ Anecd. Med. Gr.,’ pp. 153, 157; l’ulladius, ‘ Comment, in Hippocr. Epid. VI,’ in Dietz, ‘Schol. in Hippocr. et Gal.,’ vol. ii, p. 98, 11. 20, 22. 9 Galen says the faculty, ivvapit, is the cause of the function, ivtpyiia; the result of which is the work, !pyov (‘ De Eacnlt. Natur.,’ i, 2, tom. ii, p. 6, 1. ult. >u Id., * De Meth. Med.,’ix, 10, tom. x, p. 635, 11. 10, 15; p. 636,11. 3, 4. 11 Id., ibid., and ‘ Comm, in Hipp. De Alim.,’ iii, 10, tom. xv, p. 292, 1. 8, &c. 13 Id., * De Facult. Natur.,’ iii, 6, tom. ii, p. 160; * De Usu Part.,’ iv, 7, tom. iii, p. 275; Alexander Aphrodis., ‘ Probl. Phys.,’ ii, 60, in Ideler’s ‘ Phys. et Med. Gr. Min.,’ vol. i, p. 70. 13 See Kuhn’s Index, art. Facultas. M Theophilus, * De Corp. Hum. Fabr.,’ ii, 12, p. 78,1. 10, ed. Oxon.; ‘ De Urin.,’ l’rajf., vol. i, p. 262, 1. 9, in Ideler’s ‘Phys. et Med. Gr. Min.;’ ‘Comment, in Hippocr. Ap/ior.,’ vii, 5, in Dietz, ‘ Schol. in Hippocr. et Gal.,’ vol. ii, p. 521, 1. 8.