Volume 1

Hand atlas of human anatomy / by Werner Spalteholz.

  • Spalteholz, Werner, 1861-1940.
Date:
[1930?]
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Hand atlas of human anatomy / by Werner Spalteholz. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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    Sulcus chiasmatis Ala parva I / Tuberculum sellae / / Sella turcica clinoideus medius Dorsum sellae Angulus parietalis Margo frontalis 3 Corpus • ; j ] Foramen opticum / / Proc. Margo squamosus Sulcus caroticus Fissura orbitalis superior Processus clinoideus anterior ' Foramen rotundum ) ' ' Facies cerebralis C_ Processus clinoideus posterior Foramen ovale Foramen spinosum Lingula sphenoidalis Ala magna 6. Sphenoid bone, os sphenoidale, from above. The unpaired os sphenoidale (see see also Figs. 7, 8, 57, 58, 61, 62, 65—73) lies in the middle of the base of the skull. It is divisible into a middle piece or body (corpus) and six processes, known as the two small wings or alae parvae, the two large wings or alae magnae and the two pterygoid processes or processus pterygoidei; of these the four former are directed lateralward, the two latter downward. (Development see p. 67 b.) The corpus (body) (see also Figs. 7, 8, 61, 65—68, 70) is approximately cubical and contains within it two cavities lined by mucous membrane, of very variable size, the sinus sphe- noidales (0. T. sphenoidal cells) which are separated from one another by the septum sinuum sphenoidalium often diverging from the median line. The superior surface presents a deep front- ally placed groove, the sella turcica (for the sinus circularis; hypophysis), with the fossa hypo- physeos (0. T. pituitary fossa) in the depth. Posteriorly, the sella is overhung by the dorsum sellae, which at the angles of its upper free margin presents on each side a small processus cli¬ noideus posterior (for the tentorium cerebelli); the posterior smooth surface of the dorsum sellae, together with the superior surface of the pars basilaris oss. occipitalis, forms the clivus, on which lie the aa. vertebrales, the a. basilaris and its branches, and the pons. In front of the sella lies the small tuberculum sellae or pommel; lateralward and dorsally therefrom is situated the middle clinoid process or processus clinoideus medius (often absent). In front of the tubercle, extending transversely on each side to the foramen opticum, is the shallow sulcus chiasmatis (0. T. optic groove) behind which lies the chiasma opticum. The anterior margin of the superior surface unites with the lamina cribrosa of the ethmoid bone to form the sutura sphenoethmoi- dalis. On the lateral surface extending from behind forward, above the region of origin of the large wing is the sulcus caroticus (0. T. cavernous groove) for the a. carotis interna and the plexus caroticus internus. Just lateralward from the posterior extremity of this sulcus projects the lingula sphenoidalis. The posterior surface of the body unites with the pars basilaris oss. occipitalis (see p. 3). The anterior, and a part of the inferior, surface are formed by the thin, saucer-shaped, curved conchae sphenoidales (0. T. sphenoidal turbinated bones) which, embrvo- logically, properly belong to the ethmoid bone, but which between the 9th—12th year of iife grow together with the sphenoid bone. On forcible separation of the bones of the adult skull they usually adhere to the sphenoid bone and are therefore commonly described together with it. Each presents lateralward and above an opening, the apertura sinus sphenoidalis and, lateralward from this, small depressions which form the posterior walls of the posterior ethmoidal cells. The borders of these conchae (see Fig. 70) are connected with the labvrinthus oss. ethmoidal, (sutura sphenoethmoidalis); below they are in contact with the proc. orb. oss. palat. (sutura sphenoorbitalis. Fig. 70). In the median plane the conchae and the septum in front form the projecting sphenoidal crest or crista sphenoidalis (0. T. ethmoidal crest) for contact with the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone; this crest runs out below into a projection, the rostrum sphenoidale, which is directed downward and lies against the vomer.