Volume 2

The extra pharmacopœia of Martindale and Westcott.

  • William Martindale
Date:
1915
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: The extra pharmacopœia of Martindale and Westcott. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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    formed in passing- through the stomach or by the splitting up of the Acetyl ate d Acid action of the alkali. The genera/ conclusion of our investigation is clear—namely, that in taking a dose of Acetyl Salicylic Acid the amount split up whilst passing through the stomach does not exceed 5% of the amount taken. The Salicylic Acid thus formed and the rest of the acetylated substance passing on unchanged—the latter after hydrolysis in presence of the alkali—are in all probability absorbed into the tissues as Sodium Salicylate. CAXiCZI ACETO - SALXCYLAS. Syn. Tylcalsin and XiXTHXX ACETO-SALXCYLAS. Syn. Tyllithin. Hydrolysis :— Working on lines identical with those used in rhe case of Acetosaiicylic Acid q.v. in a lengthy investigation of the subject of the probable splitting up which occurs in vivo—-the following amounts of hydrolysis were obtained:— Af ter hours at 37°C. After 22 hours Acetosaiicylic Acid in 0 2% HC1 5 0% hydrolised ; 33% in Water 2-8%; „ 13% Tylcalsin in 0 2% HC1 1*8%; „ 22 5% in Water 4’4%; „ 4T2% Tyllithin in 0 2% HC1 2 6%; „ 28% in Water 5-3%, „ 56% It is interesting to note that the amounts hydrolised in the 44 hours are slight in all cases and show no great difference. Hence the alkaline salts may be quite as useful in physiological action as the acid itself, and by reason of their greater solubility—in particular the calcium salt—should possess distinct advantage for prompt action. At commencement of the test, i.e., immediately on dissolving-- Acid Aceto-salicylic showed no hydrolysis. Tylcalsin „ 06% „ Tyllithin „ 1’6% „ (The presence of Hydrochloric Acid does not interfere with the delicacy of the Ferric Chloride Test in the 22 hour results where the greater hydrolysis is seen. For colorimetry extremely dilute solutions are necessary,—the mix¬ ture had to be diluted 50 times, hence the Hydrochloric Acid only amounts to 0'004% and as already stated it requires 0‘6% to prevent the colour. In any case the 22 hour results were only determined for corroboration,—we are concerned with the time the medicine would take to exert its physiolo¬ gical action—i.e., in certainly less than 4J- hours. For further details on Aceto-Salicylic Acid and its Salts see Vol. I. ACIDUM SULPHURXCUM. This Acid is used commercially for the production of glucose which enters into the manufacture of beer. Owing to it being made from Pyrites, it con¬ taminated the glucose and thence the beer with arsenic in 1900. Report of Royal Commission on arsenical poisoning see B. M..T. ii./o3,1557, 1610 ; L. ii./o3,1674, vide also Arsenium, p. 24. Sulphur Dioxide and Trioxide in the products of combustion of coal gas are detrimental to health and to metal fittings, furniture, etc. Prior to 1906 Parliamentary restriction prevented the presence of more than 20 grains per 100 cubic feet. This restriction was removed with result that the content of Sulphur went up. The resulting gas was so detrimental that for their reputation the Gas Companies started partial purification again. Even now the content is 24£ grains per 100 cubic feet. The Sulphur in the gas is present as Carbon Bisulphide. The South Metropolitan Gas Company intend to supply the whole of their gas free from Sulphur compounds.—L. i./i3,1270, 1503. Sulphurous Acid in Coal Gas Products.—Estimation amounted to 0002 mgr. per cubic metre of the gas—in addition to Sulphuric Acid.—P. J.ii./i 2,711. Sulphuric Acid Manufacture, Theory of, Reynolds and Taylor.—P.J. i./i2, 486.
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