Volume 2

A system of the anatomy of the human body. Illustrated by upwards of two hundred and fifty tables, taken partly from the most celebrated authors, and partly from nature / By Andrew Fyfe.

  • Fyfe, Andrew, 1754-1824.
Date:
1820
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: A system of the anatomy of the human body. Illustrated by upwards of two hundred and fifty tables, taken partly from the most celebrated authors, and partly from nature / By Andrew Fyfe. Source: Wellcome Collection.

    30/504 (page 16)
    anterior Crura of the Fornix, and before the meeting of the Choroid Plexuses of these Ventricles, below the ante¬ rior part of the Body of the Fornix, and over the fore part of the third Ventricle, there is a Hole of an oval form, by which the Lateral Ventricles communicate free¬ ly with each other. Tab. LXXVI. S. Tab. LXXVII. !S. See Monro’s Obs. on Nerv. Syst. 1783, and Trea¬ tise on the Brainy 1797- After dividing and turning back the Fornix, another communication from the above passage is found, called Foramen Commune Anterius, Vulva, or Iter ad Infun¬ dibulum ; but properly, Iter ad Tertium Ventriculum, being a Passage to the Third Ventricle. Tab. LXXII. H. Tab. LXXVII. above V. Between the Comrnissura Mollis of the Optic Thala¬ mi and Substance called Pineal Gland, there is a small passage termed Amis, or Foramen Commune Posterius, which has been supposed by some Authors to form a communication between the back part of the Third Ventricle and Lateral Ventricles; but it is completely closed up by the Membrane termed Tela Choroidea, and also by the Fornix, which is intimately connected to this. Tab. LXXXI. Fig. 9. g. The Third Ventricle is in form of a deep Fissure, placed between the inner ends of the Thalami Optici, having the Comrnissura Mollis of these Thalami situat¬ ed above, the Crura Cerebri below, and the Bodies of the Thalami on each side. Tab. LXXVII. P. The Infundibulum, Tab. LXXVI. U. Tab. LXXVII. Tab. LXXVIII., formed of a Cineritious and Medul¬ lary Substance, is a passage of considerable size, which leads downwards and forwards, from the anterior part of the Third Ventricle; gradually contracting, and be¬ coming solid at its under end, where it terminates in the Glandula Pituitaria, and thus, contrary to the opi¬ nion of the Ancients, preventing the passage of any Pi- tuitous Fluid from it to the Nose. The Glandida Pituitaria is of an oval form, but flattened above, and longest transversely; it is about the size of a Field-bean, is lodged in the Sella Turci¬ ca, and surrounded by a doubling of the Dura Mater. Tab. LXXVI. V. Tab. LXXVII. Y. On the outside, it is of a brownish colour, and form¬ ed of Cineritious Matter; it is whiter within, where it is mixed with Medullary Substance. The Glandula Pituitaria was formerly supposed to absorb a Fluid from the Infundibulum, and transmit it to the Nose. It has been already mentioned, however, that the Infundibulum is impervious, and the real use of this Gland, as well as of the other Tubercles of the Brain, seems still unknown. At the fore part of the Third Ventricle, and imme¬ diately before the Anterior Crura of the Fornix, there is a white Medullary Cord, which runs transversely through the Corpora Striata, and then downwards, having the name of Comrnissura Cerebri Anterior. Tab. LXXII. uppermost D. Tab. LXXVIII. No. 4. At the back part of the third Ventricle, and under the root of the Pineal Gland, there is another Cord similar to the former, but shorter, called Comrnissura Cerebri Posterior, Tab. LXXII. undermost D. Tab. LXXVIII. No. 9. The Commissurae Cerebri assist in uniting the two sides of the Brain together. From the under and back part of the third Ventricle, there is a Passage which leads to the fourth, under the name of Iter ad Quartum Ventriculum, Canalis Medius, vel Aquceductus Syi.vii. Tab. LXXVII. c. Tab. LXXVIII. No. 24. After the posterior part of the Fornix, and the Tela Choroidea to which it adheres, have been removed, there appear at the back part of the third Ventricle, behind the Thalami, and over the Iter a Tertio ad Quartum Ventriculum, theNfftoand Testes, or Tuber- cula Qjuadrigemma, or more properly Bigemina, and the Pineal Gland. The Nates, or Tubercula Anteriora, Tab. LXXII. M, M, are placed uppermost, and are of a rounder form than the Testes, or Tubercula Posteriora, Tab. LXXII. N, N, which lie immediately under the for¬ mer. The Testes are a little whiter in their colour than the Nates, and broader from one side to the other. A Longitudinal Section shewTs the Tubercula to be covered externally with a thin Medullary Lamina, and to be Cineritious within. In Man they are more nearly of an equal size and colour than in Quadrupeds, as in the Ox, Sheep, &c. in which the Nates are large, round, and of a brown colour, and the Testes small and long, and have a white appearance. Over the Nates, and connected to them by a thin Medullary Lamina, and under the back part of the Fornix, is placed the Glandula Pinealis, which is of a Cineritious nature, about the size of a Garden-pea, and of a Conoid Figure, placed almost horizontally, with its point backwards ; obtaining its name from its resem¬ blance in shape to a Pine or Fir-Cone. Tab. LXXII. L. In consequence of its being always present, and sel¬ dom found in a diseased state, it has been celebrated by Des Cartes as the Seat of the Soul. The Pineal Gland is fixed by its root to the Com- missura Cerebri Posterior, and sends out two long Me¬ dullary Peduncles, or Foot-stalks, to be fixed to the up¬ per and inner side of the Thalami, and to the Anterior Crura of the Fornix. Tab. LXXII. K, K. Near, or in the Substance of the Pineal Gland, small Calcareous Concretions are frequently found; some¬ times they are grouped together over the Base of the Gland, and then form the Acervulus Cerebri, of Soem- merring. They