First aid to the injured and management of the sick : an ambulance handbook and elementary manual of nursing for volunteer bearers and others / by E.J. Lawless.

Date:
1894
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: First aid to the injured and management of the sick : an ambulance handbook and elementary manual of nursing for volunteer bearers and others / by E.J. Lawless. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh. The original may be consulted at the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh.

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    The Spine is made up of 24 hollow bones or vertebrae ; bony rings standing one on top of the other, with strong projections like spurs pointing directly backward and down- ward. The 24 vertebra? are divided into three sets :— First, the upper 7 or cervical, supporting the head ; Next, 12 dorsal, forming the back ; Third, 5 lumbar, ,, ,, loins. From the dorsal vertebrae spring the ribs, 12 on each side, curving round to the front of the frame, and jointed to the sternum or breast-bone. Of these 12 the upper 7 are called true ribs, because they are attached at either extremity to bone, viz., behind to the dorsal vertebra?, and in front to the sternum ; the lower 5 ribs are termed false, for though behind attached to vertebrae, in front they are not jointed to the sternum, but linked to one another (except the nth and 12th ribs, which are free in front) by a semi-elastic substance called cartilage. The sternum in front and the 12 dorsal vertebra? behind linked together by the 12 pairs of ribs, form the frame of the chest or thorax. The Pelvis, supporting the spinal column, is formed of four bones, the Right and left ^ and in front J os innormnatum or nameless bone; Behind, the sacrum ; Terminated by the coccyx. The right and left os innominatum (ossa innominata) or haunch bones are very large and irregular in shape, called nameless from the impossibility of comparing them to the shape of any known object; they not only form the sides but the front of the pelvis, and are of particular strength below the portions forming the hips, where they furnish a bony cup or socket in which the knob-like head of the femur or thigh bone works. The sacrum is a strong bone of spade-like shape, jointing together the two nameless bones, thus completing the rim of the basin or pelvis, and