A systematic handbook of volumetric analysis, or, The quantitative estimation of chemical substances by measure, applied to liquids, solids and gases / by Francis Sutton.

  • Sutton, Francis, 1831-1917.
Date:
1890
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: A systematic handbook of volumetric analysis, or, The quantitative estimation of chemical substances by measure, applied to liquids, solids and gases / by Francis Sutton. Source: Wellcome Collection.

    37/592 (page 21)
    be secured by weight, the ratio of the weight of the solution to the weight of active substance in it being independent of temperature. Casamajor (CN. xxxv. 160) has made use of the data given by Matthiessen in his researches on the expansion of glass, water, and mercury, to construct a table of corrections to be used in case of using any weak standard solution at a different temperature to that at which it was originally standardized. The expansion of water is different at different temperatures; the expansion of glass is known to be constant for all temperatures up to 100°. The correction of volume, therefore, in glass burettes, must be the known expansion of each c.c. of water for every 1° C., less the known expansion of glass for the same temperature. It is not necessary here to reproduce the entire paper of Casamajor, but the results are shortly given in the following table. The normal temperature is 15° C.; and the figures given are the relative contractions below, and expansions above, 15° C. Deg. C. 7 — -000612 8 — -000590 9 — -000550 10 — -000492 11 — -000420 12 — *000334 13 — -000236 14 — -000124 15 Normal 16 + -000147 17 + -000305 18 + -000173 19 + -000652 20 + -000841 21 + -001039 22 + -001246 23 + -001462 Deg. C. 24 + -001686 25 + -001919 26 + -002159 27 + -002405 28 + -002657 29 + -002913 30 + -003179 31 + -003453 32 + -003739 33 + -004035 34 + -004342 35 + -004660 36 + -004987 37 + -005323 38 + -005667 39 + -006040 40 + -006382 By means of these numbers it is easy to calculate the volume of liquid at 15° C. corresponding to any volume observed at any temperature. If 35 c.c. of solution has been used at 37° C., the table shows that 1 c.c. of water in passing from 15° to 37° is increased to 1 -005323 c.c.; therefore, by dividing 35 c.c. by 1 *005323 is obtained the quotient 34-819 c.c., which represents the volume at 15° corresponding to 35 c.c. at 37°; or the operation can be simplified by obtaining the factor, thus : 1-005323 = 0'4705 A table can thus be easily constructed which would show the factor for each degree of temperature. These corrections are useless for concentrated solutions, such as